The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The First Step in Vision: Femtosecond Isomerization of Rhodopsin
Abstract
The kinetics of the primary event in vision have been resolved with the use of femtosecond optical measurement techniques. The 11-cis retinal prosthetic group of rhodopsin is excited with a 35-femtosecond pump pulse at 500 nanometers, and the transient changes in absorption are measured between 450 and 580 nanometers with a 10-femtosecond probe pulse. Within 200 femtoseconds, an increased absorption is observed between 540 and 580 nanometers, indicating the formation of photoproduct on this time scale. These measurements demonstrate that the first step in vision, the 11-cis→11-trans torsional isomerization of the rhodopsin chromophore, is essentially complete in only 200 femtoseconds.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Compression of optical pulses to six femtoseconds by using cubic phase compensation
Fork, R. L., Brito Cruz, C. H., Becker, P. C., & Shank, C. V. (1987) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.12.000483 · Cited by 936
Self-citationMolecular Basis of Visual Excitation
Wald, G. (1968) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.162.3850.230 · Cited by 832
Direct Observation of the Femtosecond Excited-State cis - trans Isomerization in Bacteriorhodopsin
Mathies, R. A., Brito Cruz, C. H., Pollard, W. T., & Shank, C. V. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3363359 · Cited by 558
Self-citationPhotophysics And Molecular Electronic Applications Of The Rhodopsins
Birge, R. R. (1990) · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.pc.41.100190.003343 · Cited by 532
Pre-Lumirhodopsin and the Bleaching of Visual Pigments
YOSHIZAWA, T., & WALD, G. (1963) · Nature · doi:10.1038/1971279a0 · Cited by 520
Wave packet theory of dynamic absorption spectra in femtosecond pump–probe experiments
Pollard, W. T., Lee, S.-Y., & Mathies, R. A. (1990) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.457815 · Cited by 287
Self-citationFragnito, H. L., Bigot, J.-Y., Becker, P. C., & Shank, C. V. (1989) · Chemical Physics Letters · doi:10.1016/0009-2614(89)87564-5 · Cited by 266
Self-citationFormation and Decay of Prelumirhodopsin at Room Temperatures
Busch, G. E., Applebury, M. L., Lamola, A. A., & Rentzepis, P. M. (1972) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.69.10.2802 · Cited by 249
Palings, I., Pardoen, J. A., Van den Berg, E., Winkel, C., Lugtenburg, J., & Mathies, R. A. (1987) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00383a021 · Cited by 196
Self-citationMolecular dynamics of cis-trans isomerization in rhodopsin
Birge, R. R., & Hubbard, L. M. (1980) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00527a008 · Cited by 158
Cited by
Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry: Applications, Theory and Instrumentation
(2006) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470027318 · Cited by 7,403
Contemporary Issues in Electron Transfer Research
Barbara, P. F., Meyer, T. J., & Ratner, M. A. (1996) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jp9605663 · Cited by 1,558
Microbial and Animal Rhodopsins: Structures, Functions, and Molecular Mechanisms
Ernst, O. P., Lodowski, D. T., Elstner, M., Hegemann, P., Brown, L. S., & Kandori, H. (2014) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr4003769 · Cited by 1,153
Lambert, N., Chen, Y.-N., Cheng, Y.-C., Li, C.-M., Chen, G.-Y., & Nori, F. (2013) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys2474 · Cited by 948
Conical intersection dynamics of the primary photoisomerization event in vision
Polli, D., Altoè, P., Weingart, O., Spillane, K. M., Manzoni, C., Brida, D., Tomasello, G., Orlandi, G., Kukura, P., Mathies, R. A., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09346 · Cited by 948
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Schoenlein, R. W., Peteanu, L. A., Mathies, R. A., & Shank, C. V.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1991-10-18
- Volume
- 254
- Issue
- 5030
- Pages
- 412-415
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2072516696
- Semantic Scholar
- 19e7973dd388e0a2bc35f1555e96aee3037a0645
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 6.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (EY 02051, T32EY007043)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Keywords
- rhodopsin, retinal chromophore, photoproduct formation, femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, vision, photoisomerization kinetics, transient absorption spectroscopy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Lasers, Light, Photochemistry, Rhodopsin, Spectrophotometry, Stereoisomerism, Time Factors, Vision, Ocular
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The First Step in Vision: Femtosecond Isomerization of Rhodopsin. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1925597
- The paper
- Schoenlein, R. W., Peteanu, L. A., Mathies, R. A., & Shank, C. V. (1991). The First Step in Vision: Femtosecond Isomerization of Rhodopsin. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1925597
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.