The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Isotopic Paleoceanography of the Caribbean and East Pacific: Role of Panama Uplift in Late Neogene Time
Abstract
Comparisons of carbon isotopic data on benthic foraminifera from Deep Sea Drilling Project sites 502 (western Caribbean) and 503 (eastern Pacific) indicate that the difference between the Atlantic and the Pacific in the per mil enrichment in carbon-13 of total dissolved carbon dioxide increased about 6 million years ago and again 3 million years ago, when the difference reached the modern level (1 per mil). Comparisons of planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic data for the Caribbean and the Pacific suggest that the salinity of Caribbean surface waters began increasing 4 million years ago, possibly in response to shoaling of the Panama isthmus. These results suggest that modern circulation patterns in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific developed by 3 million years ago in concert with changing tectonic, climatic, and biogeographic patterns.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Initial reports of the deep sea drilling project
von Huene, R. (1971) · Marine Geology · doi:10.1016/0025-3227(71)90053-3 · Cited by 3,990
Tertiary marine paleotemperatures
SAVIN, S. M., DOUGLAS, R. G., & STEHLI, F. G. (1975) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1975)86<1499:tmp>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 586
Oxygen isotope and palaeomagnetic evidence for early Northern Hemisphere glaciation
Shackleton, N. J., & Opdyke, N. D. (1977) · Nature · doi:10.1038/270216a0 · Cited by 445
On the contribution of the Mediterranean Sea outflow to the Norwegian-Greenland Sea
Reid, J. L. (1979) · Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers · doi:10.1016/0198-0149(79)90064-5 · Cited by 326
Carbon and oxygen isotopic disequilibria of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera
Graham, D. W., Corliss, B. H., Bender, M. L., & Keigwin, L. D. (1981) · Marine Micropaleontology · doi:10.1016/0377-8398(81)90018-9 · Cited by 295
Self-citationMarshall, L. G., Butler, R. F., Drake, R. E., Curtis, G. H., & Tedford, R. H. (1979) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.204.4390.272 · Cited by 264
Woodruff, F., Savin, S. M., & Douglas, R. G. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.212.4495.665 · Cited by 259
The distribution of13C in the Atlantic Ocean
Kroopnick, P. (1980) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(80)90088-6 · Cited by 223
Core-top evaluation of benthic foraminiferal isotopic ratios for paleo-oceanographic interpretations
Belanger, P. E., Curry, W. B., & Matthews, R. K. (1981) · Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/0031-0182(81)90039-0 · Cited by 210
Warmth of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean During Northern Hemisphere Ice-Sheet Growth
Ruddiman, W. F., & McIntyre, A. (1979) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.204.4389.173 · Cited by 201
Cited by
Tectonic forcing of late cenozoic climate.
Raymo, M. E., & Ruddiman, W. F. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/359117a0 · Cited by 2,341
Ruddiman, W. F., & Kutzbach, J. E. (1989) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jd094id15p18409 · Cited by 734
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
Hansen, J., Sato, M., Russell, G., & Kharecha, P. (2013) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0294 · Cited by 660
Lessios, H. A., Kessing, B. D., & Pearse, J. S. (2001) · Evolution · doi:10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[0955:psasit]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 417
van Oppen, M. J. H., McDonald, B. J., Willis, B., & Miller, D. J. (2001) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003916 · Cited by 301
Metadata
- Authors
- Keigwin, L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1982-07-23
- Volume
- 217
- Issue
- 4557
- Pages
- 350-353
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1980639973
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 7.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Isotopic Paleoceanography of the Caribbean and East Pacific: Role of Panama Uplift in Late Neogene Time. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.217.4557.350
- The paper
- Keigwin, L. (1982). Isotopic Paleoceanography of the Caribbean and East Pacific: Role of Panama Uplift in Late Neogene Time. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.217.4557.350
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.