The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Contribution of Small Glaciers to Global Sea Level
Abstract
Observed long-term changes in glacier volume and hydrometeorological mass balance models yield data on the transfer of water from glaciers, excluding those in Greenland and Antarctica, to the oceans. The average observed volume change for the period 1900 to 1961 is scaled to a global average by use of the seasonal amplitude of the mass balance. These data are used to calibrate the models to estimate the changing contribution of glaciers to sea level for the period 1884 to 1975. Although the error band is large, these glaciers appear to account for a third to half of observed rise in sea level, approximately that fraction not explained by thermal expansion of the ocean.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
GLOBAL GLACIAL ISOSTASY AND THE SURFACE OF THE ICE-AGE EARTH: The ICE-5G (VM2) Model and GRACE
Peltier, W. R. (2004) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.32.082503.144359 · Cited by 2,743
Time–Scale for Adjustment of Glaciers to Changes in Mass Balance
Jøhannesson, T., Raymond, C. F., & Waddington, E. D. (1989) · Journal of Glaciology · doi:10.1017/s002214300000928x · Cited by 522
Partitioning the Uncertainty of Ensemble Projections of Global Glacier Mass Change
Marzeion, B., Hock, R., Anderson, B., Bliss, A., Champollion, N., Fujita, K., Huss, M., Immerzeel, W. W., Kraaijenbrink, P., Malles, J., et al. (2020) · Earth's Future · doi:10.1029/2019ef001470 · Cited by 259
“Glaciers are expected to remain important contributors to sea level rise in the 21st century in response to anticipated global warming (Hock, Bliss, et al., 2019; Meier, 1984).”
BackgroundGlobal sea-level contribution from the Patagonian Icefields since the Little Ice Age maximum
Glasser, N. F., Harrison, S., Jansson, K. N., Anderson, K., & Cowley, A. (2011) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo1122 · Cited by 154
Ivins, E. R., & James, T. S. (1999) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00899.x · Cited by 76
Metadata
- Authors
- Meier, M. F.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1984-12-21
- Volume
- 226
- Issue
- 4681
- Pages
- 1418-1421
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2006028711
- Cited by
- 534
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Contribution of Small Glaciers to Global Sea Level. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.226.4681.1418
- The paper
- Meier, M. F. (1984). Contribution of Small Glaciers to Global Sea Level. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.226.4681.1418
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
