The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Ice Record of Greenhouse Gases
Open accessAbstract
Gases trapped in polar ice provide our most direct record of the changes in greenhouse gas levels during the past 150,000 years. The best documented trace-gas records are for CO 2 and CH 4 . The measurements corresponding to the industrial period document the recent changes in growth rate. The variability observed over the last 1000 years constrains the possible feedbacks of a climate change on the trace gases under similar conditions as exist today. Changes in the levels of greenhouse gases during the glacial-interglacial cycle overall paralleled, at least at high southern latitudes, changes in temperature; this relation suggests that greenhouse gases play an important role as an amplifier of the initial orbital forcing of Earth's climate and also helps to assess the feedbacks on the biogeochemical cycles in a climate system in which the components are changing at different rates.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Holocene carbon-cycle dynamics based on CO2 trapped in ice at Taylor Dome, Antarctica
Indermühle, A., Stocker, T. F., Joos, F., Fischer, H., Smith, H. J., Wahlen, M., Deck, B., Mastroianni, D., Tschumi, J., Blunier, T., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/18158 · Cited by 760
Serreze, M. C., & Barry, R. G. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535888 · Cited by 385
Stauffer, B., Flückiger, J., Monnin, E., Schwander, J., Barnola, J.-M., & Chappellaz, J. (2002) · Annals of Glaciology · doi:10.3189/172756402781816861 · Cited by 34
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Raynaud, D., Jouzel, J., Barnola, J. M., Chappellaz, J., Delmas, R. J., & Lorius, C.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1993-02-12
- Volume
- 259
- Issue
- 5097
- Pages
- 926-934
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2063900720
- Cited by
- 429
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 18.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Ice Record of Greenhouse Gases. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.259.5097.926
- The paper
- Raynaud, D., Jouzel, J., Barnola, J. M., Chappellaz, J., Delmas, R. J., & Lorius, C. (1993). The Ice Record of Greenhouse Gases. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.259.5097.926
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
