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Magnetism from the Atom to the Bulk in Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Clusters
Abstract
Molecular beam deflection measurements of small iron, cobalt, and nickel clusters show how magnetism develops as the cluster size is increased from several tens to several hundreds of atoms for temperatures between 80 and 1000 K. Ferromagnetism occurs even for the smallest sizes: for clusters with fewer than about 30 atoms the magnetic moments are atomlike; as the size is increased up to 700 atoms, the magnetic moments approach the bulk limit, with oscillations probably caused by surface-induced spin-density waves. The trends are explained in a magnetic shell model. A crystallographic phase transition from high moment to low moment in iron clusters has also been identified.
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Citations
Cited by
Nanoalloys: From Theory to Applications of Alloy Clusters and Nanoparticles
Ferrando, R., Jellinek, J., & Johnston, R. L. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr040090g · Cited by 3,690
Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency
Sun, C. Q. (2007) · Progress in Solid State Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2006.03.001 · Cited by 873
Surface effects on the magnetic properties of ultrafine cobalt particles
Respaud, M., Broto, J. M., Rakoto, H., Fert, A. R., Thomas, L., Barbara, B., Verelst, M., Snoeck, E., Lecante, P., Mosset, A., et al. (1998) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.57.2925 · Cited by 567
Finite size effects on the structural and magnetic properties of sol–gel synthesized NiFe2O4 powders
George, M., Mary John, A., Nair, S. S., Joy, P. A., & Anantharaman, M. R. (2006) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.08.029 · Cited by 494
Nanoclusters deposited on surfaces
Binns, C. (2001) · Surface Science Reports · doi:10.1016/s0167-5729(01)00015-2 · Cited by 441
Metadata
- Authors
- Billas, I. M. L., Châtelain, A., & de Heer, W. A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1994-09-16
- Volume
- 265
- Issue
- 5179
- Pages
- 1682-1684
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1990742576
- Cited by
- 1,036
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 18.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Magnetism from the Atom to the Bulk in Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Clusters. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.265.5179.1682
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- Billas, I. M. L., Châtelain, A., & de Heer, W. A. (1994). Magnetism from the Atom to the Bulk in Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Clusters. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.265.5179.1682
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
