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Gauging Similarity with n -Grams: Language-Independent Categorization of Text
Abstract
A language-independent means of gauging topical similarity in unrestricted text is described. The method combines information derived from n -grams (consecutive sequences of n characters) with a simple vector-space technique that makes sorting, categorization, and retrieval feasible in a large multilingual collection of documents. No prior information about document content or language is required. Context, as it applies to document similarity, can be accommodated by a well-defined procedure. When an existing document is used as an exemplar, the completeness and accuracy with which topically related documents are retrieved is comparable to that of the best existing systems. The results of a formal evaluation are discussed, and examples are given using documents in English and Japanese.
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Cites
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Shannon, C. E. (1948) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x · Cited by 88,486
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Koppel, M., Schler, J., & Argamon, S. (2009) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.20961 · Cited by 528
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Huang, H., Zheng, O., Wang, D., Yin, J., Wang, Z., Ding, S., Yin, H., Xu, C., Yang, R., Zheng, Q., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Oral Science · doi:10.1038/s41368-023-00239-y · Cited by 324
On Compression-Based Text Classification
Marton, Y., Wu, N., & Hellerstein, L. (2005) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-31865-1_22 · Cited by 59
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Metadata
- Authors
- Damashek, M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1995-02-10
- Volume
- 267
- Issue
- 5199
- Pages
- 843-848
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2078396547
- Cited by
- 534
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 12.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Damashek, M. (1995). Gauging Similarity with n -Grams: Language-Independent Categorization of Text. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.267.5199.843
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