Climatic Warming and the Decline of Zooplankton in the California Current
Abstract
Since 1951, the biomass of macrozooplankton in waters off southern California has decreased by 80 percent. During the same period, the surface layer warmed-by more than 1.5 degrees C in some places-and the temperature difference across the thermocline increased. Increased stratification resulted in less lifting of the thermocline by wind-driven upwelling. A shallower source of upwelled waters provided less inorganic nutrient for new biological production and hence supported a smaller zooplankton population. Continued warming could lead to further decline of zooplankton.
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Upper ocean warming could increase water column stratification, potentially counteracting the effects of intensifying upwelling-favorable winds by reducing the efficacy of coastal upwelling to deliver nutrients to the euphotic zone.
“Upper ocean warming could increase water column stratification [37][38][39], potentially counteracting the effects of intensifying upwelling-favorable winds by reducing the efficacy of coastal upwelling to deliver nutrients to the euphotic zone.”
From Anticipated Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [38]
Enhanced stratification in the southern part of the California Current has been implicated in the observed long-term decline in zooplankton biomass.
“Enhanced stratification in the southern part of the California Current has been implicated in the observed long-term decline in zooplankton biomass [38,41]”
From Anticipated Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [38]
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References 9 · Cited by 798
- Authors
- Roemmich, D., & McGowan, J.
- Affiliations
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (US)
- ORCID
- Roemmich, Dean
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1995-03-03
- Volume
- 267
- Issue
- 5202
- Pages
- 1324-1326
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2082215781
- Cited by
- 798
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 27.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine and fisheries research
- Keywords
- zooplankton decline, global warming, California Current, ocean warming, wind-driven upwelling, nutrient supply, biological production, Southern California
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