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Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes
Abstract
Fullerene single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) were produced in yields of more than 70 percent by condensation of a laser-vaporized carbon-nickel-cobalt mixture at 1200°C. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy showed that these SWNTs are nearly uniform in diameter and that they self-organize into "ropes," which consist of 100 to 500 SWNTs in a two-dimensional triangular lattice with a lattice constant of 17 angstroms. The x-ray form factor is consistent with that of uniformly charged cylinders 13.8 ± 0.2 angstroms in diameter. The ropes were metallic, with a single-rope resistivity of <10 −4 ohm-centimeters at 300 kelvin. The uniformity of SWNT diameter is attributed to the efficient annealing of an initial fullerene tubelet kept open by a few metal atoms; the optimum diameter is determined by competition between the strain energy of curvature of the graphene sheet and the dangling-bond energy of the open edge, where growth occurs. These factors strongly favor the metallic (10,10) tube with C 5 v symmetry and an open edge stabilized by triple bonds.
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Cited by
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Metadata
- Authors
- Thess, A., Lee, R., Nikolaev, P., Dai, H., Petit, P., Robert, J., Xu, C., Lee, Y. H., Kim, S. G., Rinzler, A. G., Colbert, D. T., Scuseria, G. E., Tománek, D., Fischer, J. E., & Smalley, R. E.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1996-07-26
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 5274
- Pages
- 483-487
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2008302913
- Cited by
- 5,580
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 155.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Thess, A., Lee, R., Nikolaev, P., Dai, H., Petit, P., Robert, J., Xu, C., Lee, Y. H., Kim, S. G., Rinzler, A. G., Colbert, D. T., Scuseria, G. E., Tománek, D., Fischer, J. E., & Smalley, R. E. (1996). Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5274.483
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