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Cited by 641Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics StudiesFire effects on ecosystemsSoil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Influence of Island Area on Ecosystem Properties

Wardle, David A., Zackrisson, Olle, Hörnberg, Greger, Gallet, Christiane·1997·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.277.5330.1296
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Abstract

Island area is frequently a major determinant of the species composition of biological communities; community structure, in turn, often has important effects on ecosystem-level properties. Fifty islands of varying area were selected in an archipelago in the northern Swedish boreal forest zone, in which larger islands burn more frequently than smaller ones through wildfire arising from lightning strike, thus inducing a significant relationship between island area and plant species composition. This relationship was found to be a major factor in determining several ecosystem-level properties of these islands, including standing biomass, plant litter decomposition, nitrogen mineralization, terrestrial carbon partitioning, humus accumulation, and plant nitrogen acquisition.

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  1. R. H. MacArthur and E. O. Wilson The Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton Univ. Press Princeton NJ 1967);
  2. ; R. E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter Eds. Species Diversity in Ecological Communities (Univ. of Chicago Press Chicago 1993).
  3. Schoener T. W., Spiller D. A., ibid. 267, 1811 (1995);
  4. P. M. Vitousek L. L. Loope H. Adersen Eds. Islands. Biological Diversity and Ecosystem Function (Springer Berlin 1995).
  5. The trees on each island were searched for fire scars to determine how many fires had occurred on that island in the past 250 years; the time elapsed since each fire was determined by counting tree rings [O. Zackrisson Oikos 29 22 (1977)]. For five islands in each of the three area classes (<0.1 ha 0.1 to 1.0 ha and >1.0 ha) charcoal particles in the uppermost charcoal layer in the humus profile were sampled and the time since the last fire was determined by 14 C analyses of these particles at the Tandemlaboratory Uppsala Sweden [I. U. Olsson in Handbook of Palaeoecology and Palaeo-Hydrology B. E. Berglund Ed. (Wiley London 1986) pp. 272–310; S. Bouwman Radiocarbon Dating (British Museum Publications London 1990)]. We emphasize that the age of the charcoal we measured is not necessarily the same as the time of the most recent fire because charcoal from fires with low intensity is sometimes undetectable in humus profiles; fire-scar data on the largest islands indicated occurrence of fires that were obviously more recent than the uppermost charcoal we found.
  6. R. W. Wein in The Role of Fire in Northern Circumpolar Ecosystems R. W. Wein and D. A. MacLean Eds. (Wiley Chichester UK 1983) pp. 81-95
  7. Taylor B. R., Parkinson D., Parsons W. F. J., ibid. 70, 97 (1989).
  8. M. A. Huston Biological Diversity. The Coexistence of Species in Changing Landscapes (Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge 1994).
  9. Nearly all studies that have claimed to identify positive effects of species diversity on ecosystem function involve relatively short-term experiments in which species richness of live plants has been manipulated. However most plant productivity eventually enters the decomposer subsystem as litter where it has important long-term "afterlife effects" [S. Findlay M. Carreiro V. Krischic C. J. Jones Ecol. Appl. 6 269 (1996)]. Those studies that have explicitly investigated effects of species diversity of litter or of organisms associated with litter breakdown on ecosystem processes have failed to find simple cause-effect relationships [O. Andrén M. Clarholm J. Bengtsson in The Significance and Regulation of Soil Biodiversity H. P. Collins G. P. Robertson M. J. Klug Eds. (Kluwer Dordrecht Netherlands 1995) pp. 141-151

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Authors
Wardle, D. A., Zackrisson, O., Hörnberg, G., & Gallet, C.
Affiliations
  • Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
  • D. A. Wardle, O. Zackrisson, G. Hörnberg, Department of Forest Vegetation Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
Corresponding author
Wardle, David A.
ORCID
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
1997-08-29
Volume
277
Issue
5330
Pages
1296-1299
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.277.5330.1296
OpenAlex
W2064079357
Cited by
641
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 25
FWCI
37.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Science (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Keywords
island size, species composition, community structure, ecosystem properties, plant litter decomposition, nitrogen mineralization, carbon allocation, humus accumulation, plant nitrogen acquisition, standing biomass

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