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Carbon Nanotube Actuators
Abstract
Electromechanical actuators based on sheets of single-walled carbon nanotubes were shown to generate higher stresses than natural muscle and higher strains than high-modulus ferroelectrics. Like natural muscles, the macroscopic actuators are assemblies of billions of individual nanoscale actuators. The actuation mechanism (quantum chemical–based expansion due to electrochemical double-layer charging) does not require ion intercalation, which limits the life and rate of faradaic conducting polymer actuators. Unlike conventional ferroelectric actuators, low operating voltages of a few volts generate large actuator strains. Predictions based on measurements suggest that actuators using optimized nanotube sheets may eventually provide substantially higher work densities per cycle than any previously known technology.
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Citations
Cited by
Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites
Kim, H., Abdala, A. A., & Macosko, C. W. (2010) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma100572e · Cited by 3,406
Stretchable, Transparent, Ionic Conductors
Keplinger, C., Sun, J.-Y., Foo, C. C., Rothemund, P., Whitesides, G. M., & Suo, Z. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1240228 · Cited by 1,754
Soft Actuators for Small-Scale Robotics
Hines, L., Petersen, K., Lum, G. Z., & Sitti, M. (2017) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201603483 · Cited by 1,337
Carbon nanotubes: properties, synthesis, purification, and medical applications
Eatemadi, A., Daraee, H., Karimkhanloo, H., Kouhi, M., Zarghami, N., Akbarzadeh, A., Abasi, M., Hanifehpour, Y., & Joo, S. W. (2014) · Nanoscale Research Letters · doi:10.1186/1556-276x-9-393 · Cited by 1,239
Recent Advances in Research on Carbon Nanotube–Polymer Composites
Byrne, M. T., & Gun'ko, Y. K. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200901545 · Cited by 873
Metadata
- Authors
- Baughman, R. H., Cui, C., Zakhidov, A. A., Iqbal, Z., Barisci, J. N., Spinks, G. M., Wallace, G. G., Mazzoldi, A., De Rossi, D., Rinzler, A. G., Jaschinski, O., Roth, S., & Kertesz, M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1999-05-21
- Volume
- 284
- Issue
- 5418
- Pages
- 1340-1344
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2119715237
- Cited by
- 2,490
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 55.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Carbon Nanotube Actuators. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.284.5418.1340
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- Baughman, R. H., Cui, C., Zakhidov, A. A., Iqbal, Z., Barisci, J. N., Spinks, G. M., Wallace, G. G., Mazzoldi, A., De Rossi, D., Rinzler, A. G., Jaschinski, O., Roth, S., & Kertesz, M. (1999). Carbon Nanotube Actuators. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5418.1340
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
