The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On the Origin of Internal Structure of Word Forms
Abstract
This study shows that a corpus of proto-word forms shares four sequential sound patterns with words of modern languages and the first words of infants. Three of the patterns involve intrasyllabic consonant-vowel (CV) co-occurrence: labial (lip) consonants with central vowels, coronal (tongue front) consonants with front vowels, and dorsal (tongue back) consonants with back vowels. The fourth pattern is an intersyllabic preference for initiating words with a labial consonant–vowel–coronal consonant sequence (LC). The CV effects may be primarily biomechanically motivated. The LC effect may be self-organizational, with multivariate causality. The findings support the hypothesis that these four patterns were basic to the origin of words.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Being There: Putting Brain, Body and World Together Again.
van Gelder, T., & Clark, A. (1998) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2998391 · Cited by 3,128
Phonology in generative grammar
Kenstowicz, M. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 959
The frame/content theory of evolution of speech production
MacNeilage, P. F. (1998) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x98001265 · Cited by 919
Self-citationPhonological Acquisition and Change
Smith, M. R., & Locke, J. L. (1985) · Language · doi:10.2307/414500 · Cited by 652
Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again
Clark, A. (1996) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/1552.001.0001 · Cited by 597
Dixon, R. M. W. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511719714 · Cited by 430
Developmental Neurocognition: Speech and Face Processing in the First Year of Life
(1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8234-6 · Cited by 381
The Articulatory Basis of Babbling
Davis, B. L., & MacNeilage, P. F. (1995) · Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.3806.1199 · Cited by 362
Self-citationOn the Origin of Languages: Studies in Linguistic Taxonomy
Ruhlen, M. (1994) · Stanford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781503622357 · Cited by 260
Vocal Tract Limitations on the Vowel Repertoires of Rhesus Monkey and other Nonhuman Primates
Lieberman, P. H., Klatt, D. H., & Wilson, W. H. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.164.3884.1185 · Cited by 255
Cited by
IVERSON, J. M. (2010) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000909990432 · Cited by 964
Fitch, W. T. (2010) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511817779 · Cited by 594
From mouth to hand: Gesture, speech, and the evolution of right-handedness
Corballis, M. C. (2003) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x03000062 · Cited by 357
Metadata
- Authors
- MacNeilage, P. F., & Davis, B. L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2000-04-21
- Volume
- 288
- Issue
- 5465
- Pages
- 527-531
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2094016999
- Cited by
- 355
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 68.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: On the Origin of Internal Structure of Word Forms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.288.5465.527
- The paper
- MacNeilage, P. F., & Davis, B. L. (2000). On the Origin of Internal Structure of Word Forms. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.288.5465.527
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.