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Femtosecond x-ray spectroscopy of an electrocyclic ring-opening reaction
Abstract
X-ray vision catches Woodward-Hoffmann: The celebrated Woodward-Hoffmann (W-H) rules rationalize a variety of rapid bond rearrangements in organic molecules. The key insight involved symmetry conservation in the electronic journey from reactant to product. Attar et al. now report femtosecond x-ray absorption spectra and accompanying simulation studies that track shifts in carbon electronic states during one such reaction: the photochemical ring opening of cyclohexadiene to hexatriene (see the Perspective by Sension). The smooth evolution that occurs in the vicinity of the pericyclic minimum provides direct affirmation of the W-H framework. Moreover, the use of a convenient tabletop apparatus bodes well for future x-ray studies of ultrafast electronic dynamics. Science , this issue p. 54 ; see also p. 31
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“At photon energies up to 300 eV, the state-ofthe-art in x-ray transient-absorption dynamics (based on femtosecond high harmonics) has been used to measure excited-state ring opening of cyclohexadiene [216] (figure 26)”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [216]
In the citing paper
“X-ray fs identification of the key transition state labeled 2 A, blue points, for ring opening of cyclohexadiene.”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [216]
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Fazio, G., Balčiūnas, T., Yin, Z., Zimin, D. A., Brahms, C., Travers, J. C., & Wörner, H. J. (2022) · International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena · doi:10.1364/up.2022.th4a.38 · Cited by 1
Johnson, A., Austin, D., Wood, D., Brahms, C., Gregory, A., Holzner, K., Jarosch, S., Larsen, E., Parker, S., Struber, C., et al. (2018) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau4713 · Cited by 1
Skomorowski, W., & Krylov, A. I. (2020) · ChemRxiv · doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.13207217 · Cited by 2
Apparatus for generation of nanojoule-class water-window high-order harmonics
Nishimura, K., Fu, Y., Suda, A., Midorikawa, K., & Takahashi, E. J. (2021) · Review of Scientific Instruments · doi:10.1063/5.0045342 · Cited by 15
Attosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy near the L2,3-edge of Argon
Chew, A., Douguet, N., Cariker, C., Li, J., Ren, X., Yin, Y., Argenti, L., Chang, Z., & Hill, W. T. (2018) · Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics · doi:10.1364/cleo_qels.2018.ff1p.3
“With the enlarged high harmonic spectral bandwidth achieved using shortwave infrared (SWIR) femtosecond sources, transient absorption spectroscopy has recently been extended to the carbon K-edge [3, 4], but the temporal resolution was limited to tens of femtoseconds.”
BackgroundTime-resolved Photoelectron Imaging Using Ultrashort VUV Pulses
Horio, T. (2018) · Molecular Science · doi:10.3175/molsci.12.a0097
High Precision X-Ray Measurements
Scordo, A. (2019) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03921-318-4
Saito, N., Sannohe, H., Ishii, N., Kanai, T., & Itatani, J. (2019) · Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) · doi:10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2019.8872392
Pathak, S., Ibele, L. M., Boll, R., Callegari, C., Demidovich, A. A., Erk, B., Feifel, R., Forbes, R., Fraia, M. D., Giannessi, L., et al. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1912.00531
“The critical geometries, minima, and minimum energy conical intersections (MECIs), located using the SA(4)-CASSCF(10/8) level of theory, are indicated with light grey vertical lines, and the geometries of these critical points on the PESs of neutral thiophenone are shown below.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAttosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of Diatomic and Triatomic Molecules at 400 eV
Saito, N., Sannohe, H., Ishii, N., Douguet, N., Kanai, T., Kosugi, N., Wu, Y., Chew, A., Han, S., Schneider, B. I., et al. (2020) · High-Brightness Sources and Light-Driven Interactions · doi:10.1364/hilas.2020.hth1b.5
Femtosecond soft–X–Ray absorption spectroscopy of liquids with a water-window high-harmonic source
Balčiūnas, T., Smith, A. D., Chang, Y., Schmidt, C., Zinchenko, K. S., Nunes, F. B., Svoboda, V., Rossi, E., Yin, Z., Wolf, J., et al. (2020) · International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena · doi:10.1364/up.2020.tu4a.2
Time-Resolved XAS of Gas Dissociations
Schmidt, C. (2021) · Springer theses · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67838-8_4
Liu, Z., Wang, E., Tang, Y., Niu, S., Shan, X., & Chen, X. (2021) · Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2101015
Balčiūnas, T., Chang, Y., Yin, Z., Schmidt, C., Zinchenko, K. S., Nunes, F. B., Svoboda, V., Smith, A. D., Rossi, E., Wolf, J., et al. (2021) · Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics · doi:10.1364/cleo_si.2021.sw2j.4
Schmidt, C. (2021) · Springer theses · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67838-8_1
Metadata
- Authors
- Attar, A. R., Bhattacherjee, A., Pemmaraju, C. D., Schnorr, K., Closser, K. D., Prendergast, D., & Leone, S. R.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Leone, Stephen R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2017-04-07
- Volume
- 356
- Issue
- 6333
- Pages
- 54-59
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2604515236
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 12
- FWCI
- 19.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (award299191, EEC-0310717)
- U.S. Department of Energy (award299187, DE-AC02-05CH11231, award302135, DE-AC02-76SF00515)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Keywords
- electrocyclic ring opening, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, valence electronic structure, carbon K-edge, nonadiabatic relaxation, femtosecond dynamics
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