The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Small Subpopulation of Blastospores in Candida albicans Biofilms Exhibit Resistance to Amphotericin B Associated with Differential Regulation of Ergosterol and β -1,6-Glucan Pathway Genes
Open accessAbstract
The resistance of Candida albicans biofilms to a broad spectrum of antimicrobial agents has been well documented. Biofilms are known to be heterogeneous, consisting of microenvironments that may induce formation of resistant subpopulations. In this study we characterized one such subpopulation. C. albicans biofilms were cultured in a tubular flow cell (TF) for 36 h. The relatively large shear forces imposed by draining the TF removed most of the biofilm, which consisted of a tangled mass of filamentous forms with associated clusters of yeast forms. This portion of the biofilm exhibited the classic architecture and morphological heterogeneity of a C. albicans biofilm and was only slightly more resistant than either exponential- or stationary-phase planktonic cells. A submonolayer fraction of blastospores that remained on the substratum was resistant to 10 times the amphotericin B dose that eliminated the activity of the planktonic populations. A comparison between planktonic and biofilm populations of transcript abundance for genes coding for enzymes in the ergosterol ( ERG1 , - 3 , - 5 , - 6 , - 9 , - 11 , and - 25 ) and β-1,6-glucan ( SKN and KRE1 , - 5 , - 6 , and - 9 ) pathways was performed by quantitative RT-PCR. The results indicate a possible association between the high level of resistance exhibited by the blastospore subpopulation and differential regulation of ERG1 , ERG25 , SKN1 , and KRE1 . We hypothesize that the resistance originates from a synergistic effect involving changes in both the cell membrane and the cell wall.
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“Yeast persister cells were first discovered as a small population in C. albicans biofilms [165,166].”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [165]
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“Although we know little about the formation and roles of persister cells in C. albicans biofilms, we do know that the drug resistance of persister cells is independent of cell membrane composition and efflux pump expression; rather, it is the result of the metabolically dormant state of the cells (88, 100).”
From Candida albicans Biofilms and Human Disease (2015) · cites this paper as [88]
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Primer3 on the WWW for General Users and for Biologist Programmers
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Environmental adaptation of Candida albicans : the examples of persistence and chlamydosporulation
Denega, I. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/748584ddzf6f4z4124z9237z56d0535d3352
Pires, R. H. (2010) · Americanae (AECID Library)
Metadata
- Authors
- Khot, P. D., Suci, P. A., Miller, R. L., Nelson, R. D., & Tyler, B. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Montana State University (US)
- ORCID
- Tyler, Bonnie J.
- Venue
- Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3708-3716
- ISSN
- 0066-4804 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6596
- PMC
- PMC1635220
- OpenAlex
- W2168849172
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM079554, 1 R21 GM 079554)
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE013231, DE13231-02)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, biofilm, blastospores, amphotericin B resistance, subgroup heterogeneity, ergosterol biosynthesis, ERG1, plasma membrane, cell wall, mRNA levels
- MeSH terms
- Amphotericin B, Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, DNA, Fungal, Ergosterol, Genes, Fungal, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, RNA, Fungal, Spores, Fungal, Transcription, Genetic, DNA Primers, DNA, Complementary, Biofilms, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Drug Resistance, Fungal, beta-Glucans
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