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Cited by 359

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Prospective Trial on the Use of Trough Concentration versus Area under the Curve To Determine Therapeutic Vancomycin Dosing

Open access
Neely, Michael N., Kato, Lauren, Youn, Gilmer, Kraler, Lironn, Bayard, David, van Guilder, Michael, Schumitzky, Alan, Yamada, Walter, Jones, Brenda, Minejima, Emi·2018·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Abstract

We hypothesized that dosing vancomycin to achieve trough concentrations of >15 mg/liter overdoses many adults compared to area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing. We conducted a 3-year, prospective study of vancomycin dosing, plasma concentrations, and outcomes. In year 1, nonstudy clinicians targeted trough concentrations of 10 to 20 mg/liter (infection dependent) and controlled dosing. In years 2 and 3, the study team controlled vancomycin dosing with BestDose Bayesian software to achieve a daily, steady-state AUC/MIC ratio of ≥400, with a maximum AUC value of 800 mg · h/liter, regardless of trough concentration. For Bayesian estimation of AUCs, we used trough samples in years 1 and 2 and optimally timed samples in year 3. We enrolled 252 adults who were ≥18 years old with ≥1 available vancomycin concentration. Only 19% of all trough concentrations were therapeutic versus 70% of AUCs ( P < 0.0001). After enrollment, median trough concentrations by year were 14.4, 9.7, and 10.9 mg/liter ( P = 0.005), with 36%, 7%, and 6% over 15 mg/liter ( P < 0.0001). Bayesian AUC-guided dosing in years 2 and 3 was associated with fewer additional blood samples per subject (3.6, 2.0, and 2.4; P = 0.003), shorter therapy durations (8.2, 5.4, and 4.7 days; P = 0.03), and reduced nephrotoxicity (8%, 0%, and 2%; P = 0.01). The median inpatient stay was 20 days among nephrotoxic patients versus 6 days ( P = 0.002). There was no difference in efficacy by year, with 42% of patients having microbiologically proven infections. Compared to trough concentration targets, AUC-guided, Bayesian estimation-assisted vancomycin dosing was associated with decreased nephrotoxicity, reduced per-patient blood sampling, and shorter length of therapy, without compromising efficacy. These benefits have the potential for substantial cost savings. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01932034.)

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Metadata

Authors
Neely, M. N., Kato, L., Youn, G., Kraler, L., Bayard, D., van Guilder, M., Schumitzky, A., Yamada, W., Jones, B., & Minejima, E.
Venue
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Published
2018-02
Volume
62
Issue
2
ISSN
  • 0066-4804 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-6596
OpenAlex
W2774974184
Cited by
359
References
22
FWCI
16.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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The paper
Neely, M. N., Kato, L., Youn, G., Kraler, L., Bayard, D., van Guilder, M., Schumitzky, A., Yamada, W., Jones, B., & Minejima, E. (2018). Prospective Trial on the Use of Trough Concentration versus Area under the Curve To Determine Therapeutic Vancomycin Dosing. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02042-17

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