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Enhanced octadecane dispersion and biodegradation by a Pseudomonas rhamnolipid surfactant (biosurfactant)
Abstract
A microbial surfactant (biosurfactant) was investigated for its potential to enhance bioavailability and, hence, the biodegradation of octadecane. The rhamnolipid biosurfactant used in this study was extracted from culture supernatants after growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 in phosphate-limited proteose peptone-glucose-ammonium salts medium. Dispersion of octadecane in aqueous solutions was dramatically enhanced by 300 mg of the rhamnolipid biosurfactant per liter, increasing by a factor of more than 4 orders of magnitude, from 0.009 to > 250 mg/liter. The relative enhancement of octadecane dispersion was much greater at low rhamnolipid concentrations than at high concentrations. Rhamnolipid-enhanced octadecane dispersion was found to be dependent on pH and shaking speed. Biodegradation experiments done with an initial octadecane concentration of 1,500 mg/liter showed that 20% of the octadecane was mineralized in 84 h in the presence of 300 mg of rhamnolipid per liter, compared with only 5% octadecane mineralization when no surfactant was present. These results indicate that rhamnolipids may have potential for facilitating the bioremediation of sites contaminated with hydrocarbons having limited water solubility.
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Many studies have observed increased NAPL solubilization in the presence of surfactants.
“Many studies have observed increased NAPL solubilization in the presence of surfactants.”
From Contribution of Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids to the Retention and Transport of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Porous Media (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
The Results report that rhamnolipid greatly increased the aqueous dispersion of octadecane, supporting the general surfactant effect. But the paper studied octadecane as a solid at 23°C, not a non-aqueous-phase liquid (NAPL), and its experiment does not establish that many studies observed NAPL solubilization. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTwo proposed mechanisms for solubilization observed below the surfactant CMC are the reduction in NAPL-water interfacial tension and the formation of pre-micellar aggregates.
“Two proposed mechanisms for solubilization observed below the surfactant CMC are the reduction in NAPL-water interfacial tension and the formation of pre-micellar aggregates (e.g., refs 51–54).”
From Contribution of Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids to the Retention and Transport of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Porous Media (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
The introduction proposes reduced surface and interfacial tension as a mechanism for increased aqueous dispersion, and the Discussion links dispersion at low rhamnolipid concentrations to falling surface tension. It does not propose pre-micellar aggregates as the other below-CMC mechanism: it attributes that effect to interactions with surfactant monomers and places aggregate-mediated dispersion above the CMC. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn other studies, solubilization was also observed when surfactant concentrations were below the CMC.
“Conversely, in other studies solubilization was also observed when surfactant concentrations were below the CMC (e.g., refs 50–54).”
From Contribution of Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids to the Retention and Transport of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Porous Media (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [21]21. Singer, M. E., and W. R. Finnerty. 1984. Microbial metabolism of straight-chain and branched alkanes, p. 1–59. In R. Atlas (ed.), Petroleum microbiology. Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
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Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons
Sikkema, J., de Bont, J. A., & Poolman, B. (1995) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.59.2.201-222.1995 · Cited by 2,685
“Such biosurfactants not only emulsify the lipophilic compounds but may also allow adhesion of the cells to the hydrophobic substrate (222, 364, 365).”
BackgroundVan Glubt, S., & Brusseau, M. L. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c07355 · Cited by 55
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Y., & Miller, R. M.
- Venue
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 1992-10
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3276-3282
- ISSN
- 0099-2240
- 1098-5336
- Cited by
- 477
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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