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Tandem Repeat of a Transcriptional Enhancer Upstream of the Sterol 14α-Demethylase Gene ( CYP51 ) in Penicillium digitatum
Open accessAbstract
We investigated the mechanism of resistance to demethylation inhibitors (DMI) in Penicillium digitatum by isolating the CYP51 gene, which encodes the target enzyme (P450 14DM ) of DMI, from three DMI-resistant and three DMI-sensitive strains. The structural genes of all six strains were identical, but in the promoter region, a unique 126-bp sequence was tandemly repeated five times in the DMI-resistant strains and was present only once in the DMI-sensitive strains. Constitutive expression of CYP51 in the resistant strains was about 100-fold higher than that in the sensitive strains. We introduced CYP51 , including the promoter region, from a DMI-resistant strain into a DMI-sensitive strain, which rendered the transformants DMI resistant and increased CYP51 expression. We also found that if the number of copies of the repeat was reduced to two, resistance and CYP51 expression also decreased. These results indicate that the 126-bp unit acts as a transcriptional enhancer and that a tandem repeat of the unit enhances CYP51 expression, resulting in DMI resistance. This is a new fungicide resistance mechanism for filamentous fungi.
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White, T. C. (1997) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.41.7.1482 · Cited by 612
Franz, R., Kelly, S. L., Lamb, D. C., Kelly, D. E., Ruhnke, M., & Morschhäuser, J. (1998) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.42.12.3065 · Cited by 339
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Ma, Z., & Michailides, T. J. (2005) · Crop Protection · doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2005.01.011 · Cited by 628
Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a side-effect of environmental fungicide use?
Verweij, P. E., Snelders, E., Kema, G. H., Mellado, E., & Melchers, W. J. (2009) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70265-8 · Cited by 604
Mellado, E., Garcia-Effron, G., Alcázar-Fuoli, L., Melchers, W. J. G., Verweij, P. E., Cuenca-Estrella, M., & Rodríguez-Tudela, J. L. (2007) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01092-06 · Cited by 490
Koch, A., Kumar, N., Weber, L., Keller, H., Imani, J., & Kogel, K.-H. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1306373110 · Cited by 431
Metadata
- Authors
- Hamamoto, H., Hasegawa, K., Nakaune, R., Lee, Y. J., Makizumi, Y., Akutsu, K., & Hibi, T.
- Venue
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2000-08
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3421-3426
- ISSN
- 0099-2240 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5336
- OpenAlex
- W2091101839
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 9.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tandem Repeat of a Transcriptional Enhancer Upstream of the Sterol 14α-Demethylase Gene ( CYP51 ) in Penicillium digitatum. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/aem.66.8.3421-3426.2000
- The paper
- Hamamoto, H., Hasegawa, K., Nakaune, R., Lee, Y. J., Makizumi, Y., Akutsu, K., & Hibi, T. (2000). Tandem Repeat of a Transcriptional Enhancer Upstream of the Sterol 14α-Demethylase Gene ( CYP51 ) in Penicillium digitatum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3421-3426.2000
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