The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
HIV-1/ Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection Immunology: How Does HIV-1 Exacerbate Tuberculosis?
Open accessAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have become intertwined over the past few decades in a “syndemic” that exacerbates the morbidity and mortality associated with each pathogen alone. The severity of the coinfection has been extensively examined in clinical studies. The extrapolation of peripheral evidence from clinical studies has increased our basic understanding of how HIV increases susceptibility to TB. These studies have resulted in multiple hypotheses of how HIV exacerbates TB pathology through the manipulation of granulomas. Granulomas can be located in many tissues, most prominently the lungs and associated lymph nodes, and are made up of multiple immune cells that can actively contain M. tuberculosis . Granuloma-based research involving both animal models and clinical studies is needed to confirm these hypotheses, which will further our understanding of this coinfection and may lead to better treatment options. This review examines the data that support each hypothesis of how HIV manipulates TB pathology while emphasizing a need for more tissue-based experiments.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Brenchley, J. M., Schacker, T. W., Ruff, L. E., Price, D. A., Taylor, J. H., Beilman, G. J., Nguyen, P. L., Khoruts, A., Larson, M., Haase, A. T., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20040874 · Cited by 1,832
Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection
Mattapallil, J. J., Douek, D. C., Hill, B., Nishimura, Y., Martin, M., & Roederer, M. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03501 · Cited by 1,278
Peak SIV replication in resting memory CD4+ T cells depletes gut lamina propria CD4+ T cells
Li, Q., Duan, L., Estes, J. D., Ma, Z.-M., Rourke, T., Wang, Y., Reilly, C., Carlis, J., Miller, C. J., & Haase, A. T. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03513 · Cited by 952
A glycolipid of hypervirulent tuberculosis strains that inhibits the innate immune response
Reed, M. B., Domenech, P., Manca, C., Su, H., Barczak, A. K., Kreiswirth, B. N., Kaplan, G., & Barry, C. E. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02837 · Cited by 762
HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response
Getahun, H., Gunneberg, C., Granich, R., & Nunn, P. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/651492 · Cited by 598
Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on HIV replication. Role of immune activation
Goletti, D., Weissman, D., Jackson, R. W., Graham, N. M., Vlahov, D., Klein, R. S., Munsiff, S. S., Ortona, L., Cauda, R., & Fauci, A. S. (1996) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.157.3.1271 · Cited by 495
Caruso, A. M., Serbina, N. V., Klein, E. C., Triebold, K. J., Bloom, B. R., & Flynn, J. L. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 489
Self-citationHanna, Z., Kay, D. G., Rebai, N., Guimond, A., Jothy, S., & Jolicoeur, P. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81748-1 · Cited by 450
Sonnenberg, P., Glynn, J. R., Fielding, K., Murray, J., Godfrey‐Faussett, P., & Shearer, S. (2005) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/426827 · Cited by 446
Sonnenberg, P., Murray, J., Glynn, J. R., Shearer, S., Kambashi, B., & Godfrey-Faussett, P. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06712-5 · Cited by 433
Cited by
Syndemics and the biosocial conception of health
Singer, M., Bulled, N., Ostrach, B., & Mendenhall, E. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30003-x · Cited by 1,491
Metadata
- Authors
- Diedrich, C. R., & Flynn, J. L.
- Venue
- Infection and Immunity
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1407-1417
- ISSN
- 0019-9567 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5522
- OpenAlex
- W2168051914
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 86
- FWCI
- 13.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: HIV-1/ Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection Immunology: How Does HIV-1 Exacerbate Tuberculosis? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/iai.01126-10
- The paper
- Diedrich, C. R., & Flynn, J. L. (2011). HIV-1/ Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection Immunology: How Does HIV-1 Exacerbate Tuberculosis? Infection and Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.01126-10
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.