Cited by 598Tuberculosis Research and EpidemiologyHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsInfectious Diseases and Tuberculosis

HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response

Getahun, Haileyesus, Gunneberg, Christian, Granich, Reuben, Nunn, Paul·2010·Clinical Infectious Diseases

Abstract

Of the 33.2 million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one-third are estimated to also be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2008, there were an estimated 1.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) among persons with HIV infection, and TB accounted for 26% of AIDS-related deaths. The relative risk of TB among HIV-infected persons, compared with that among HIV-uninfected persons, ranges from 20- and 37-fold, depending on the state of the HIV epidemic. In 2008, 1.4 million patients with TB were tested globally for HIV, and 81 countries tested more than half of their patients with TB for HIV. Only 4% of all persons infected with HIV were screened for TB in the same year. Decentralization of HIV treatment services and strengthening of its integration with TB services are essential. Use of the highly decentralized TB services as an entry point to rapidly expand access to antiretroviral therapy and methods for prevention of HIV infection must be pursued aggressively.

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Crossref · 10.1086/651492

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  • HIV co-infection increases the risk of latent TB reactivation 20-fold and is the most powerful known risk factor for progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to active disease.

    “Studies show that HIV co-infection, which increases the risk of latent TB reactivation 20-fold, is the most powerful known risk factor for the progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to an active disease [16,17].”

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Authors
Getahun, H., Gunneberg, C., Granich, R., & Nunn, P.
Affiliations
World Health Organization (CH)
Corresponding author
Getahun, Haileyesus
Venue
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Published
2010-05-15
Volume
50
Issue
s3
Pages
S201-S207
ISSN
  • 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6591
OpenAlex
W2040957894
Cited by
598
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 36
FWCI
20.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Keywords
HIV-associated tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis epidemiology, antiretroviral therapy access, HIV prevention, AIDS mortality
MeSH terms
Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Tuberculosis, HIV Infections, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections

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