The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Relationship between Candida albicans Virulence during Experimental Hematogenously Disseminated Infection and Endothelial Cell Damage In Vitro
Open accessAbstract
Candida albicans must penetrate the endothelial cell lining of the vasculature to invade the deep tissues during a hematogenously disseminated infection. We compared 27 C. albicans mutants with their wild-type parent for their capacity to damage endothelial cells in vitro and cause a lethal infection in mice following tail vein inoculation. Of 10 mutants with significantly impaired capacity to damage endothelial cells, all had attenuated virulence. Therefore, the endothelial cell damage assay can be used as a screen to identify some virulence factors relevant to hematogenously disseminated candidiasis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“We have found previously that C. albicans mutants with defects in the signal transduction pathways that govern hyphal formation have a significantly reduced capacity to invade both endothelial and oral epithelial cells in vitro [5][6][7].”
From Als3 Is a Candida albicans Invasin That Binds to Cadherins and Induces Endocytosis by Host Cells (2007) · cites this paper as [6]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Host cell invasion and damage are likely critical virulence attributes of C. albicans because mutants with defects in these processes in vitro are highly likely to have attenuated virulence in experimental animal models of hematogenously disseminated or oropharyngeal candidiasis [5][6][7][8].”
From Als3 Is a Candida albicans Invasin That Binds to Cadherins and Induces Endocytosis by Host Cells (2007) · cites this paper as [6]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Nonfilamentous C. albicans Mutants Are Avirulent
Lo, H.-J., Köhler, J. R., DiDomenico, B., Loebenberg, D., Cacciapuoti, A., & Fink, G. R. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80358-x · Cited by 1,809
Isogenic strain construction and gene mapping in Candida albicans.
Fonzi, W. A., & Irwin, M. Y. (1993) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/134.3.717 · Cited by 1,695
Yeast-enhanced green fluorescent protein (yEGFP): a reporter of gene expression in Candida albicans
Cormack, B. P., Bertram, G., Egerton, M., Gow, N. A. R., Falkow, S., & Brown, A. J. P. (1997) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/00221287-143-2-303 · Cited by 593
Linkage of adhesion, filamentous growth, and virulence in Candida albicans to a single gene, INT1.
Gale, C. A., Bendel, C. M., McClellan, M., Hauser, M., Becker, J. M., Berman, J., & Hostetter, M. K. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5355.1355 · Cited by 356
Hube, B., Sanglard, D., Odds, F. C., Hess, D., Monod, M., Schäfer, W., Brown, A. J. P., & Gow, N. A. R. (1997) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.65.9.3529-3538.1997 · Cited by 311
Identification and Characterization of TUP1-Regulated Genes in Candida albicans
Braun, B. R., Head, W. S., Wang, M. X., & Johnson, A. D. (2000) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/156.1.31 · Cited by 306
RIM101-Dependent and -Independent Pathways Govern pH Responses in Candida albicans
Davis, D. A., Wilson, R. B., & Mitchell, A. P. (2000) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.20.3.971-978.2000 · Cited by 296
Self-citationKöhler, J. R., & Fink, G. R. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.23.13223 · Cited by 282
Sanglard, D., Hube, B., Monod, M., Odds, F. C., & Gow, N. A. R. (1997) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.65.9.3539-3546.1997 · Cited by 282
Candida albicans RIM101 pH Response Pathway Is Required for Host-Pathogen Interactions
Davis, D. A., Edwards, J. E., Mitchell, A. P., & Ibrahim, A. S. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.10.5953-5959.2000 · Cited by 276
Self-citationBrown, D. H., Jr., Giusani, A. D., Chen, X., & Kumamoto, C. A. (1999) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01619.x · Cited by 268
PHR1 , a pH-Regulated Gene of Candida albicans , is Required for Morphogenesis
Saporito-Irwin, S. M., Birse, C. E., Sypherd, P. S., & Fonzi, W. A. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.2.601 · Cited by 264
Schweizer, A., Rupp, S., Taylor, B. N., Röllinghoff, M., & Schröppel, K. (2000) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02132.x · Cited by 232
Cloning and Sequencing of a Candida albicans Catalase Gene and Effects of Disruption of This Gene
Wysong, D. R., Christin, L., Sugar, A. M., Robbins, P. W., & Diamond, R. D. (1998) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.66.5.1953-1961.1998 · Cited by 201
Virulence and hyphal formation of Candida albicans require the Ste20p-like protein kinase CaCla4p
Leberer, E., Ziegelbauer, K. B., Schmidt, A., Harcus, D., Dignard, D., Ash, J., Johnson, L., & Thomas, D. Y. (1997) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(06)00252-1 · Cited by 193
Protein kinase A encoded by TPK2 regulates dimorphism of Candida albicans
Sonneborn, A., Bockmühl, D. P., Gerads, M., Kurpanek, K., Sanglard, D., & Ernst, J. F. (2000) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01705.x · Cited by 187
Davis, D. A., Bruno, V. M., Loza, L., Filler, S. G., & Mitchell, A. P. (2002) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/162.4.1573 · Cited by 184
Self-citationPenetration and damage of endothelial cells by Candida albicans
Filler, S. G., Swerdloff, J. N., Hobbs, C., & Luckett, P. M. (1995) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.63.3.976-983.1995 · Cited by 184
Self-citationRole of Hyphal Formation in Interactions of Candida albicans with Endothelial Cells
Phan, Q. T., Belanger, P. H., & Filler, S. G. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3485-3490.2000 · Cited by 181 · cited 3×
“with endothelial cells isolated from human umbilical cord veins, as described previously (24).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationVirulence genes in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
Navarro-García, F., Sánchez, M., Nombela, C., & Plá, J. (2001) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2001.tb00577.x · Cited by 176
Sharkey, L. L., McNemar, M. D., Saporito-Irwin, S. M., Sypherd, P. S., & Fonzi, W. A. (1999) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.181.17.5273-5279.1999 · Cited by 168
Multiple Functions of Pmt1p-mediated ProteinO-Mannosylation in the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans
Timpel, C., Strahl-Bolsinger, S., Ziegelbauer, K., & Ernst, J. F. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.33.20837 · Cited by 161
Rotrosen, D., Edwards, J. E., Gibson, T. R., Moore, J. C., Cohen, A. H., & Green, I. (1985) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/152.6.1264 · Cited by 146
Self-citationTsuchimori, N., Sharkey, L. L., Fonzi, W., French, S., Edwards, J., & Filler, S. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.4.1997-2002.2000 · Cited by 138
Self-citationAdherence and penetration of vascular endothelium by Candida yeasts
Klotz, S. A., Drutz, D. J., Harrison, J. L., & Huppert, M. (1983) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.42.1.374-384.1983 · Cited by 136
Sundstrom, P., Cutler, J., & Staab, J. (2002) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.70.6.3281-3283.2002 · Cited by 128
Lane, S., Zhou, S., Pan, T., Dai, Q., & Liu, H. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.21.19.6418-6428.2001 · Cited by 119
Timpel, C., Zink, S., Strahl‐Bolsinger, S., Schröppel, K., & Ernst, J. F. (2000) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.182.11.3063-3071.2000 · Cited by 101
URA3 as a selectable marker for disruption and virulence assessment of Candida albicans genes
Staab, J. F., & Sundstrom, P. (2003) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(02)00029-x · Cited by 96
Ura-status-dependent adhesion of Candida albicans mutants
Bain, J. M., Stubberfield, C. R., & Gow, N. A. R. (2001) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10905.x · Cited by 63
Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases and Interactions of Candida albicans with Human Endothelial Cells
Ibrahim, A. S., Filler, S. G., Sanglard, D., Edwards, J. E., & Hube, B. (1998) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.66.6.3003-3005.1998 · Cited by 62
Candida albicans Stimulates Endothelial Cell Eicosanoid Production
Filler, S. G., Ibe, B. O., Luckett, P. M., Raj, J. U., & Edwards, J. E. (1991) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/164.5.928 · Cited by 60
Self-citationEndothelial cell contraction increases Candida adherence to exposed extracellular matrix
Klotz, S. A., & Maca, R. D. (1988) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.56.9.2495-2498.1988 · Cited by 52
Burgert, S. J., Classen, D. C., Burke, J. P., & Blatter, D. D. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/21.1.202 · Cited by 46
Fratti, R. A., Ghannoum, M. A., Edwards, J. E., & Filler, S. G. (1996) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.64.11.4714-4718.1996 · Cited by 46
Self-citationBelanger, P. H., Johnston, D. A., Fratti, R. A., Zhang, M., & G. Filler, S. (2002) · Cellular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1462-5822.2002.00232.x · Cited by 34 · cited 1×
“albicans adheres to and invades the endothelial cells and then secretes lytic enzymes (2, 10, 11, 13, 16).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Als3 Is a Candida albicans Invasin That Binds to Cadherins and Induces Endocytosis by Host Cells
Phan, Q. T., Myers, C. L., Fu, Y., Sheppard, D. C., Yeaman, M. R., Welch, W. H., Ibrahim, A. S., Edwards, J. E., & Filler, S. G. (2007) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050064 · Cited by 641
Self-citationGenetic control of Candida albicans biofilm development
Finkel, J. S., & Mitchell, A. P. (2010) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2475 · Cited by 641
Self-citationCritical Role of Bcr1-Dependent Adhesins in C. albicans Biofilm Formation In Vitro and In Vivo
Nobile, C. J., Andes, D. R., Nett, J. E., Smith, F. J., Yue, F., Phan, Q.-T., Edwards, J. E., Filler, S. G., & Mitchell, A. P. (2006) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0020063 · Cited by 507
“CAI4-URA3 ura3D::kimm434 ARG4::pARG4-URA3 [38]”
BackgroundSelf-citationRegulation of Cell-Surface Genes and Biofilm Formation by the C. albicans Transcription Factor Bcr1p
Nobile, C. J., & Mitchell, A. P. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.047 · Cited by 464
Self-citationLin, L., Ibrahim, A. S., Xu, X., Farber, J. M., Avanesian, V., Baquir, B., Fu, Y., French, S. W., Edwards, J. E., & Spellberg, B. J. (2009) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000703 · Cited by 474
“albicans [6,50,51], as evidenced by the superior efficacy seen in the current study with another clinical bloodstream isolate of C.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Sanchez, A. A., Johnston, D. A., Myers, C., Edwards, J. E., Mitchell, A. P., & Filler, S. G.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Filler, Scott G.
- Venue
- Infection and Immunity
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 598-601
- ISSN
- 0019-9567 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5522
- PMC
- PMC344013
- OpenAlex
- W2133054734
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Infection and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01 AI-37194, R29AI040636, R01AI019990, R01AI050931, R01-AI19990, R01 AI 50931, P01AI037194)
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE013974, R01 DE 13974)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000425, M01-RR00425)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, virulence factors, endothelial injury, fungal mutants
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, Endothelium, Vascular, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mutation, Umbilical Cord, Virulence, Virulence Factors, Endothelial Cells, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
