Cited by 1,691Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensingBacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyMicrobial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Displays Multiple Phenotypes during Development as a Biofilm

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Sauer, Karin, Camper, Anne K., Ehrlich, Garth D., Costerton, J. William, Davies, David G.·2002·Journal of Bacteriology

DOI 10.1128/jb.184.4.1140-1154.2002PMC PMC134825

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Abstract

Complementary approaches were employed to characterize transitional episodes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development using direct observation and whole-cell protein analysis. Microscopy and in situ reporter gene analysis were used to directly observe changes in biofilm physiology and to act as signposts to standardize protein collection for two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis and protein identification in chemostat and continuous-culture biofilm-grown populations. Using these approaches, we characterized five stages of biofilm development: (i) reversible attachment, (ii) irreversible attachment, (iii) maturation-1, (iv) maturation-2, and (v) dispersion. Biofilm cells were shown to change regulation of motility, alginate production, and quorum sensing during the process of development. The average difference in detectable protein regulation between each of the five stages of development was 35% (approximately 525 proteins). When planktonic cells were compared with maturation-2 stage biofilm cells, more than 800 proteins were shown to have a sixfold or greater change in expression level (over 50% of the proteome). This difference was higher than when planktonic P. aeruginosa were compared with planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas putida . Las quorum sensing was shown to play no role in early biofilm development but was important in later stages. Biofilm cells in the dispersion stage were more similar to planktonic bacteria than to maturation-2 stage bacteria. These results demonstrate that P. aeruginosa displays multiple phenotypes during biofilm development and that knowledge of stage-specific physiology may be important in detecting and controlling biofilm growth.

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Authors: Sauer, K., Camper, A. K., Ehrlich, G. D., Costerton, J. W., & Davies, D. G.
Affiliations: Montana State University (US)
Allegheny-Singer Research Institute (US)
Binghamton University (US)
ORCID: Sauer, Karin
Camper, Anne K.
Ehrlich, Garth D.
Davies, David G.
Venue: Journal of Bacteriology
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2002-02-15
Volume: 184
Issue: 4
Pages: 1140-1154
ISSN: 0021-9193 (ISSN-L)
1098-5530
DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.4.1140-1154.2002
PMC: PMC134825
OpenAlex: W2122608498
Cited by: 1,691
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 32 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 79 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 112 · 2013: 93 · 2012: 70
FWCI: 20.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Bacteriology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Montana State University ScholarWorks (Montana State University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Montana State University
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
National Institutes of Health
Binghamton University
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC002148, R01DC004173, DC04173-01, DC-02148)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, biofilm growth, biofilm maturation, biofilm dispersal, motility regulation, alginate production, quorum sensing, proteome, stage-specific gene expression, planktonic versus biofilm cells, biofilm physiology
MeSH terms: Amino Acids, Bacterial Proteins, Phenotype, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Oxidative Stress, Biofilms, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Proteome

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Displays Multiple Phenotypes during Development as a Biofilm

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