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Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of the Eco T38I Restriction- Modification Gene to Chromosomal DNA by the P2 Phage and Diversity of Defective P2 Prophages in Escherichia coli TH38 Strains
Open accessAbstract
A DNA fragment carrying the genes coding for a novel Eco T38I restriction endonuclease (R. Eco T38I) and Eco T38I methyltransferase (M. Eco T38I), which recognize G(A/G)GC(C/T)C, was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Escherichia coli TH38. The endonuclease and methyltransferase genes were in a head-to-head orientation and were separated by a 330-nucleotide intergenic region. A third gene, the C. Eco T38I gene, was found in the intergenic region, partially overlapping the R. Eco T38I gene. The gene product, C. Eco T38I, acted as both a positive regulator of R. Eco T38I gene expression and a negative regulator of M. Eco T38I gene expression. M. Eco T38I purified from recombinant E . coli cells was shown to be a monomeric protein and to methylate the inner cytosines in the recognition sequence. R. Eco T38I was purified from E . coli HB101 expressing M. Eco T38I and formed a homodimer. The Eco T38I restriction (R)-modification (M) system (R-M system) was found to be inserted between the A and Q genes of defective bacteriophage P2, which was lysogenized in the chromosome at loc I, one of the P2 phage attachment sites observed in both E . coli K-12 MG1655 and TH38 chromosomal DNAs. Ten strains of E . coli TH38 were examined for the presence of the Eco T38I R-M gene on the P2 prophage. Conventional PCR analysis and assaying of R activity demonstrated that all strains carried a single copy of the Eco T38I R-M gene and expressed R activity but that diversity of excision in the ogr , D , H , I , and J genes in the defective P2 prophage had arisen.
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LGT involved in RM systems has been widely observed, including insert element-, phage-, and integrative element-mediated transfer.
“LGT involved in the RM systems has been widely observed, including insert element-,37 phage-38, and integrative element-mediated transfer.39”
From Whole genomic DNA sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of Arthrospira platensis: high genome plasticity and genetic diversity (2016) · cites this paper as [38]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kita, K., Kawakami, H., & Tanaka, H.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Tottori University (JP)
- ORCID
- Tanaka, Hiroaki
- Venue
- Journal of Bacteriology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 185
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2296-2305
- ISSN
- 0021-9193 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5530
- PMC
- PMC151499
- OpenAlex
- W2067791889
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Bacteriology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Keywords
- horizontal gene transfer, bacteriophage P2, defective prophage, restriction enzymes, methyltransferase, gene expression regulation, prophage excision, lysogeny
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Chromosomes, Bacterial, Cloning, Molecular, DNA Restriction Enzymes, DNA, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, Genes, Bacterial, Lysogeny, Molecular Sequence Data, Recombinant Proteins, Genetic Variation, Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific, DNA-Cytosine Methylases, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Analysis, Bacteriophage P2, Dimerization, DNA, Intergenic, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Escherichia coli Proteins, Prophages
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