Comparison of the E Test to agar dilution, broth microdilution, and agar diffusion susceptibility testing techniques by using a special challenge set of bacteria
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The E Test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) is a new method for performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests. It consists of an impervious carrier (5- by 50-mm strip) with a predefined antimicrobic gradient which is placed on an inoculated agar plate and processed like a disk diffusion test. Results are generated directly as MICs from a continuous concentration gradient covering 15 twofold dilutions, and MICs are read where the edge of the inhibition zone intersects the strip. We compared the E Test with disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and agar dilution tests by using a challenge set of 195 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for 14 antimicrobial agents. Also, disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and agar dilution tests were compared with each other. All test method comparisons gave greater than 94% agreement for the category of susceptibility. The E Test category agreement with disk diffusion and broth microdilution was 95.1%, and with agar dilution it was 95.2%. The E Test results were as reliable as the results obtained by the standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods.
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Previous studies have shown a good correlation between MIC values determined by Etest and those obtained by broth dilution or agar dilution.
“Several previous studies have shown a good correlation between the MIC values determined by Etest and those obtained by broth dilution or agar dilution method [25], [26], [27].”
From Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
The method discussed in the preceding section shows good correlation with Etest, mostly for antibacterial testing against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
“This method presents a good correlation with Etest mostly for antibacterial testing against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.”
From Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Category comparisons of agar dilution, disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods give excellent results.
“Moreover, category comparisons of agar dilution, disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods give excellent results [25].”
From Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
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Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., & Ibnsouda, S. K. (2016) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005 · Cited by 7,264 · see citing works
Marignani, M., Angeletti, S., Bordi, C., Malagnino, F., Mancino, C., Fave, G. D., & Annibale, B. (1997) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365529709025109 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baker, C. N., Stocker, S. A., Culver, D. H., & Thornsberry, C.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 1991-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 533-538
- ISSN
- 0095-1137 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-660X
- PMC
- PMC269813
- OpenAlex
- W1486807157
- Cited by
- 327
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 12.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Keywords
- E-test, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, minimum inhibitory concentration, disk diffusion, broth microdilution, agar dilution, method comparison, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, antimicrobial agents
- MeSH terms
- Agar, Bacteria, Culture Media, Diffusion, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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