The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cytosolic-DNA-Mediated, STING-Dependent Proinflammatory Gene Induction Necessitates Canonical NF-κB Activation through TBK1
Open accessAbstract
STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is known to control the induction of innate immune genes in response to the recognition of cytosolic DNA species, including the genomes of viruses such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). However, while STING is essential for protection of the host against numerous DNA pathogens, sustained STING activity can lead to lethal inflammatory disease. It is known that STING utilizes interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways to exert its effects, although the signal transduction mechanisms remain to be clarified fully. Here we demonstrate that in addition to the activation of these pathways, potent induction of the Jun N-terminal protein kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) pathway was similarly observed in response to STING activation by double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Furthermore, TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) associated with STING was found to facilitate dsDNA-mediated canonical activation of NF-κB as well as IRF3 to promote proinflammatory gene transcription. The triggering of NF-κB function was noted to require TRAF6 activation. Our findings detail a novel dsDNA-mediated NF-κB activation pathway facilitated through a STING-TRAF6-TBK1 axis and suggest a target for therapeutic intervention to plausibly stimulate antiviral activity or, alternatively, avert dsDNA-mediated inflammatory disease. IMPORTANCE The IKK complex, which is composed of two catalytic subunits, IKKα and IKKβ, has been suggested to be essential for the activation of canonical NF-κB signaling in response to various stimuli, including cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1α [IL-1α] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]), Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (e.g., lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), and dsRNAs derived from viruses, or a synthetic analog. STING has been identified as a critical signaling molecule required for the detection of cytosolic dsDNAs derived from pathogens and viruses. However, little is known about how cytosolic dsDNA triggers NF-κB signaling. In the present study, we demonstrate that TBK1, identified as an IKK-related kinase, may predominantly control the activation of NF-κB in response to dsDNA signaling via STING through the IKKαβ activation loop. Thus, our results establish TBK1 as a downstream kinase controlling dsDNA-mediated IRF3 and NF-κB signaling dependent on STING.
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“Besides, STING also increases IFN-I by activating NF-κB pathway [260].”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [260]
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Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway
Sun, L., Wu, J., Du, F., Chen, X., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232458 · Cited by 4,996
STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling
Ishikawa, H., & Barber, G. N. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07317 · Cited by 3,576
Self-citationSTING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity
Ishikawa, H., Ma, Z., & Barber, G. N. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08476 · Cited by 2,759 · cited 3×
“Previous reports have shown that the activation of NF- B is reduced in MEFs or macrophages in response to STING-dependent dsDNA signaling (3, 5, 23, 24).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationCyclic GMP-AMP Is an Endogenous Second Messenger in Innate Immune Signaling by Cytosolic DNA
Wu, J., Sun, L., Chen, X., Du, F., Shi, H., Chen, C., & Chen, Z. J. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1229963 · Cited by 2,628
STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic di-GMP
Burdette, D. L., Monroe, K. M., Sotelo-Troha, K., Iwig, J. S., Eckert, B., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y., & Vance, R. E. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10429 · Cited by 1,570
The Adaptor Protein MITA Links Virus-Sensing Receptors to IRF3 Transcription Factor Activation
Zhong, B., Yang, Y., Li, S., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Diao, F., Lei, C., He, X., Zhang, L., Tien, P., et al. (2008) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.09.003 · Cited by 1,514
Requirement for glycogen synthase kinase-3β in cell survival and NF-κB activation
Hoeflich, K. P., Luo, J., Rubie, E. A., Tsao, M., Jin, O., & Woodgett, J. R. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35017574 · Cited by 1,401
STING Specifies IRF3 Phosphorylation by TBK1 in the Cytosolic DNA Signaling Pathway
Tanaka, Y., & Chen, Z. J. (2012) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.2002521 · Cited by 1,357
Shaping the nuclear action of NF-κB
Chen, L., & Greene, W. C. (2004) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1368 · Cited by 1,248
RNA Polymerase III Detects Cytosolic DNA and Induces Type I Interferons through the RIG-I Pathway
Chiu, Y., MacMillan, J. B., & Chen, Z. J. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.015 · Cited by 1,185
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Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of cGAS–STING signalling
Hopfner, K.-P., & Hornung, V. (2020) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-020-0244-x · Cited by 2,052
Chromosomal instability drives metastasis through a cytosolic DNA response
Bakhoum, S. F., Ngo, B., Laughney, A. M., Cavallo, J.-A., Murphy, C. J., Ly, P., Shah, P., Sriram, R. K., Watkins, T. B. K., Taunk, N. K., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature25432 · Cited by 1,593
DNA sensing by the cGAS–STING pathway in health and disease
Motwani, M., Pesiridis, S., & Fitzgerald, K. A. (2019) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0151-1 · Cited by 1,467
Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions
Yi, M., Zheng, X., Niu, M., Zhu, S., Ge, H., & Wu, K. (2022) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01489-2 · Cited by 1,445
Targeting STING with covalent small-molecule inhibitors
Haag, S. M., Gulen, M. F., Reymond, L., Gibelin, A., Abrami, L., Decout, A., Heymann, M., van der Goot, F. G., Turcatti, G., Behrendt, R., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0287-8 · Cited by 1,178
Metadata
- Authors
- Abe, T., & Barber, G. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Virology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2014-05-15
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 5328-5341
- ISSN
- 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5514
- PMC
- PMC4019140
- OpenAlex
- W2097750604
- Cited by
- 767
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 78 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 87 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 11.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (UO1AI083015, R01AI079336, U01AI083015)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- STING, TBK1, NF-κB activation, TRAF6, IRF3, SAPK/JNK pathway, innate immunity, herpes simplex virus type 1, inflammatory diseases, antiviral signaling
- MeSH terms
- STING Protein, Animals, Cell Line, Cytosol, DNA, Membrane Proteins, Signal Transduction, Transcriptional Activation, NF-kappa B, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Mice, Knockout, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6, Interferon Regulatory Factor-3, Mice
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