Easter Island, SE Pacific: An end-member type of hotspot volcanism
Abstract
Research Article| May 01, 2009 Easter Island, SE Pacific: An end-member type of hotspot volcanism Luigina Vezzoli; Luigina Vezzoli † 1Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy †E-mail: luigina.vezzoli@uninsubria.it Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Valerio Acocella Valerio Acocella ‡ 2Università degli Studi di Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Largo S.L. Murialdo 1, 00146 Roma, Italy ‡E-mail: acocella@uniroma3.it Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (2009) 121 (5-6): 869–886. https://doi.org/10.1130/B26470.1 Article history received: 24 May 2008 rev-recd: 03 Sep 2008 accepted: 08 Sep 2008 first online: 03 Oct 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Luigina Vezzoli, Valerio Acocella; Easter Island, SE Pacific: An end-member type of hotspot volcanism. GSA Bulletin 2009;; 121 (5-6): 869–886. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B26470.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract Easter Island (Rapa Nui, Chile) is an intraoceanic volcanic island on the Easter hotspot, ~350 km E of the Eastern Pacific Rise. We match new field data with previously published age and petrochemical data to reconstruct the general evolution of the Island. This consists of three main volcanoes (Poike, Rano Kau, and the larger Terevaka), which experienced an overall similar and nearly coeval evolution, characterized by two periods: (1) buildup of a basaltic shield, culminating in the development of a summit caldera and the emission of more evolved highly porphyritic lavas (ca. 0.78–0.3 Ma); and (2) rifting along the shield flanks, by means of fissure eruptions (0.24–0.11 Ma). The trend of most eruptive fissures, NNE-SSW to NE–SW, appears to be controlled by the ~NE-SW elongated, emerged, and submerged morphology of the island. However, while the fissure-forming period at Rano Kau and Poike appears to be associated with reduced magma supply to the reservoir, at Terevaka it is characterized by the arrival of new basic magma, rejuvenating the system. The comparison to other intraoceanic volcanic islands suggests that, because of its tectonomagmatic features (low eruptive rate, scattered rift zones, and scarce lateral collapses), Easter Island represents an end-member type of hotspot volcano that is contrary to Hawaii, which represents the opposite end member. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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Rapa Nui was formed by multiple volcanic events.
“The island of Rapa Nui was created by multiple volcanic events (43).”
From Variation in Rapa Nui (Easter Island) land use indicates production and population peaks prior to European contact (2015) · cites this paper as [43]
The central upland portion of Rapa Nui, including SA2, is wet but has strikingly low soil fertility compared with the island's lowlands.
“In contrast, the central, upland portion of Rapa Nui (SA2 and surrounds) is wet but strikingly low in soil fertility in comparison with the lowlands of Rapa Nui (43).”
From Variation in Rapa Nui (Easter Island) land use indicates production and population peaks prior to European contact (2015) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Vezzoli, L., & Acocella, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Insubria (IT)
- Roma Tre University (IT)
- ORCID
- Acocella, V.
- Venue
- Geological Society of America Bulletin
- Publisher
- Geological Society of America
- Published
- 2009-04-27
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 869-886
- ISSN
- 0016-7606 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-2674
- OpenAlex
- W2162431749
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Geological Society of America Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- IrInSubria (University of Insubria) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- Easter Island, hotspot volcanism, volcanic evolution, Sr-Nd isotopes, magma mixing, magma assimilation, magma degassing, magma residence time
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