The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Science, medicine, and the future: Pharmacogenetics
Open accessAbstract
Individual variation in response to drugs is a substantial clinical problem. Such variation ranges from failure to respond to a drug to adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions when several drugs are taken concomitantly. The clinical consequences range from patient discomfort through serious clinical illness to the occasional fatality. One UK study has suggested that about 1 in 15 hospital admissions are due to adverse drug reactions,1 and a recent US study estimated that 106 000 patients die and 2.2 million are injured each year by adverse reactions to prescribed drugs.2
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Moffitt, T. E. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.4.533 · Cited by 787
Molecular genetics of CYP2D6: Clinical relevance with focus on psychotropic drugs
Bertilsson, L., Dahl, M., Dalén, P., & Al‐Shurbaji, A. (2002) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01548.x · Cited by 579
Gene-Environment Interplay in Relation to Emotional and Behavioral Disturbance
Rutter, M., & Silberg, J. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135223 · Cited by 459
Pharmacogenetics, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Clinical Practice
Gardiner, S. J., & Begg, E. J. (2006) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.58.3.6 · Cited by 406
Nature, nurture, and development: from evangelism through science toward policy and practice
Rutter, M. (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00388 · Cited by 309
Metadata
- Authors
- Wolf, C. R.
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2000-04-08
- Volume
- 320
- Issue
- 7240
- Pages
- 987-990
- ISSN
- 0959-8138 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096599198
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 21.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Science, medicine, and the future: Pharmacogenetics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/bmj.320.7240.987
- The paper
- Wolf, C. R. (2000). Science, medicine, and the future: Pharmacogenetics. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7240.987
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
