The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Developing the role of patients as teachers: literature review
Open accessAbstract
Objectives : To identify the roles and settings in which patients participate as teachers in medical education and the benefits to learners, their educational institutions, and participating patients. Design : Review of publications from 1970 to October 2001 providing descriptions, evaluations, or research of programmes involving patients as teachers in medical education. Data sources : 1848 references were identified from various electronic databases. Applying inclusion criteria to abstracts generated 100 articles, from which 23 were selected after independent scrutiny. Results : 13 articles discussed the role of patients in teaching physical examination skills, mostly musculoskeletal examination. Patients also taught pelvic and male genitorectal examination skills. Teaching roles varied, and 19 articles referred to patients' involvement as assessors. 18 articles described patients' training, with some patients being assessed. Reports of learners' experiences were all positive, many valuing the insights and confidence gained from practising skills on patients in a teaching role. Some learners preferred being taught by trained patients rather than doctors. Patients who were consulted enjoyed their teaching role. Several articles commented on the high quality of patients' teaching. Remuneration varied from payment of expenses to an hourly rate. Motivation for recruiting patients included the desire to reduce costs and the value attributed to the consumers' perspective. Conclusion : Involving patients as teachers has important educational benefits for learners. Patients offer unique qualities that can enhance the acquisition of skills and change attitudes towards patients.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In recent decades, the involvement of patients in medical education has been advocated for increasingly and has become common practice adopted by reformers of medical education.1”
From Role of active patient involvement in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Towle et al identified different levels of involvement, from paper-based involvement to involvement at the institutional level as codesigners of the medical curriculum in addition to sustained involvement as patient teachers in education, evaluation and curriculum development.1–4”
From Role of active patient involvement in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Previous reviews addressed only the patient teacher role,1”
From Role of active patient involvement in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Included papers described various types of roles for patients, but the vast majority of papers cited the role of a patient teacher, similarly to previous reviews.1 17–19”
From Role of active patient involvement in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Patients as partners in managing chronic disease
Holman, H. R. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7234.526 · Cited by 691
Patient‐oriented learning: a review of the role of the patient in the education of medical students
Spencer, J., Blackmore, D. E., Heard, S., McCrorie, P., McHaffie, D., Scherpbier, A. J. J. A., Gupta, T. S., Singh, K., & Southgate, L. J. (2000) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00779.x · Cited by 294
Stacy, R., & Spencer, J. (1999) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00454.x · Cited by 195
Collins, J. (1998) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421599880210 · Cited by 184
Creamer, P., Lethbridge‐Çejku, M., Costa, P. T., Tobin, J. D., Herbst, J. H., & Hochberg, M. C. (1999) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199902)12:1 · Cited by 110
Patient instructors as teachers and evaluators
Stillman, P. L., Ruggill, J. S., Rutala, P. J., & Sabers, D. L. (1980) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-198003000-00005 · Cited by 95
Using Standardized Patients as Teachers
Davidson, R., Duerson, M. C., Rathe, R., Pauly, R. R., & Watson, R. T. (2001) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200108000-00019 · Cited by 61
Professional patient-instructors in the teaching of the pelvic examination
Livingstone, R. A., & Ostrow, D. N. (1978) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(78)90800-1 · Cited by 49
Evaluating Research in Health and Social Care
Gomm, R., Needham, G., & Bullman, A. (2000) · Cited by 45
Evaluating Research in Health and Social Care
Chesson, R. A. (2001) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)61197-2 · Cited by 44
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kelly, 1998, Patients as teachers: a new perspective in medical education., Educ Health, 11, 369
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Active patient involvement in the education of health professionals
Towle, A., Bainbridge, L., Godolphin, W., Katz, A., Kline, C., Lown, B., Madularu, I., Solomon, P., & Thistlethwaite, J. (2010) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03530.x · Cited by 498
Managing the Personal Side of Health: How Patient Expertise Differs from the Expertise of Clinicians
Hartzler, A., & Pratt, W. (2011) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1728 · Cited by 259
Repper, J., & Breeze, J. (2006) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.05.013 · Cited by 255
Jha, V., Quinton, N. D., Bekker, H. L., & Roberts, T. E. (2009) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03244.x · Cited by 242
Encouraging user involvement in mental health services
Tait, L., & Lester, H. E. (2005) · Advances in Psychiatric Treatment · doi:10.1192/apt.11.3.168 · Cited by 216
Metadata
- Authors
- Wykurz, G., & Kelly, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Westminster (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wykurz, Geoff
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2002-10-12
- Volume
- 325
- Issue
- 7368
- Pages
- 818-821
- ISSN
- 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
- 0959-8138
- 1468-5833
- PMC
- PMC128951
- OpenAlex
- W2133621869
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
- Social Sciences › Education › Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Empathy and Medical Education
- Keywords
- physical examination skills, musculoskeletal examination, pelvic examination, patient training, student experience
- MeSH terms
- Attitude of Health Personnel, Education, Medical, Humans, Motivation, Patient Participation, Teaching, Patient Selection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
