Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance in individual patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.

(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554

Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology<SUBTITLE>A Proposal for Reporting</SUBTITLE>

Stroup, D. F. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.15.2008 · Cited by 20,623

Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement

Moher, D., Cook, D. J., Eastwood, S., Olkin, I., Rennie, D., & Stroup, D. F. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)04149-5 · Cited by 4,826

The Effect of Changes in the Consumption of Macrolide Antibiotics on Erythromycin Resistance in Group A Streptococci in Finland

Seppälä, H., Klaukka, T., Vuopio‐Varkila, J., Muotiala, A., Helenius, H. Y. M., Lager, K., & Huovinen, P. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199708143370701 · Cited by 1,206

Understanding the culture of prescribing: qualitative study of general practitioners' and patients' perceptions of antibiotics for sore throats

Butler, C., Rollnick, S., Pill, R., Rapport, F., & Stott, N. C. H. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7159.637 · Cited by 750

European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe

Ferech, M., Coenen, S., Malhotra‐Kumar, S., Dvorakova, K., Hendrickx, E., Suetens, C., & Goossens, H. (2006) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkl188 · Cited by 598

Effect of azithromycin and clarithromycin therapy on pharyngeal carriage of macrolide-resistant streptococci in healthy volunteers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Malhotra‐Kumar, S., Lammens, C., Coenen, S., Herck, K. V., & Goossens, H. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60235-9 · Cited by 541

Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective

Lipsitch, M., & Samore, M. H. (2002) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0804.010312 · Cited by 497 · cited 1×

The diagnosis of urinary tract infections in young children (DUTY): protocol for a diagnostic and prospective observational study to derive and validate a clinical algorithm for the diagnosis of UTI in children presenting to primary care with an acute illness

Downing, H., Thomas‐Jones, E., Gal, M., Waldron, C.-A., Sterne, J. A. C., Hollingworth, W., Hood, K., Delaney, B. C., Little, P. S., Howe, R. A., et al. (2012) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-158 · Cited by 36

Effects 4.5 years after an interactive GP educational seminar on antibiotic therapy for respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial

Ferrat, É., Breton, J. L., Guéry, E., Adeline, F. G. G., Audureau, É., Montagne, O., Roudot‐Thoraval, F., Attali, C., Corvoisier, P. L., & Renard, V. (2016) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmv107 · Cited by 32

Research activities to improve the utilization of antibiotics in Africa

Massele, A. Y., Tiroyakgosi, C., Matome, M., Desta, A., Müller, A., Paramadhas, B. D. A., Malone, B., Kurusa, G., Didimalang, T., Moyo, M., et al. (2016) · Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research · doi:10.1586/14737167.2016.1164040 · Cited by 33

Peer academic detailing on use of antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections. A controlled study in an urban Norwegian out-of-hours service

Dyrkorn, R., Gjelstad, S., Espnes, K. A., & Lindbæk, M. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.3109/02813432.2016.1163035 · Cited by 33

Government policy interventions to reduce human antimicrobial use: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Katwyk, S. R. V., Grimshaw, J., Mendelson, M., Taljaard, M., & Hoffman, S. J. (2017) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0640-2 · Cited by 35

Exploring the relationship between primary care antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli bacteraemia incidence and antimicrobial resistance: an ecological study

Lishman, H., Costelloe, C., Hopkins, S., Johnson, A. P., Hope, R., Guy, R. L., Müller‐Pebody, B., Holmes, A. H., & Aylin, P. P. (2018) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.08.013 · Cited by 31

Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Awareness of Antibiotic Use, Resistance and Stewardship: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Rábano-Blanco, A., Domínguez-Martís, E. M., Mosteiro-Miguéns, D. G., Freire‐Garabal, M., & Novío, S. (2019) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics8040203 · Cited by 33

Paving the Way for the Implementation of a Decision Support System for Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care in West Africa: Preimplementation and Co-Design Workshop With Physicians

Peiffer‐Smadja, N., Poda, A., Ouédraogo, A., Guiard–Schmid, J., Delory, T., Bel, J. L., Bouvet, É., Lariven, S., Jeanmougin, P., Ahmad, R., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/17940 · Cited by 38

Comparison of antimicrobial prescribing for dental and oral infections in England and Scotland with Norway and Sweden and their relative contribution to national consumption 2010–2016

Smith, A. J., Al‐Mahdi, R., Malcolm, W., Palmer, N. O., Dahlén, G., & Al‐Haroni, M. (2020) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-020-01163-x · Cited by 35

Applying Diagnostic Stewardship to Proactively Optimize the Management of Urinary Tract Infections

Morado, F., & Wong, D. W. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics11030308 · Cited by 33

Near-patient tests and the clinical gaze in decision-making of Swedish GPs not following current guidelines for sore throat – a qualitative interview study

Gröndal, H., Hedin, K., Strandberg, E. L., André, M., & Brorsson, A. (2015) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-015-0285-y · Cited by 33

Prevalence and risk factors for trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole-resistant Escherichia coli among women with acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in a developing country

Gangcuangco, L. M. A., Alejandria, M., Henson, K. E. R., Alfaraz, L., Ata, R. M., Lopez, M., & Saniel, M. C. (2015) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2015.02.022 · Cited by 33

Regional variation in antibiotic prescribing among medicare part D enrollees, 2013

Arizpe, A., Reveles, K. R., & Aitken, S. L. (2016) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2091-0 · Cited by 33

Can Gaming Increase Antibiotic Awareness in Children? A Mixed-Methods Approach

Hale, A. R., Young, V. L., Grand, A., & McNulty, C. A. M. (2017) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/games.6420 · Cited by 33

Poverty and Community-Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Organisms, Hyderabad, India

Alsan, M., Kammili, N., Lakshmi, J., Xing, A., Khan, A., Rani, M., Kolli, P., Relman, D. A., & Owens, D. K. (2018) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2408.171030 · Cited by 31

Artificial Intelligence to Improve Antibiotic Prescribing: A Systematic Review

Amin, D., Garzόn-Orjuela, N., Garcia Pereira, A., Parveen, S., Vornhagen, H., & Vellinga, A. (2023) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics12081293 · Cited by 34

Bacterial susceptibility patterns in patients with spinal cord injury and disorder (SCI/D): an opportunity for customized stewardship tools

Suda, K. J., Patel, U. C., Sabzwari, R. K., Cao, L., Ramanathan, S., Hill, J., & Evans, C. T. (2016) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/sc.2016.38 · Cited by 32

Decreasing Antibiotic use through a Joint Intervention Targeting Physicians and Pharmacists

Roque, F., Rodrigues, A. T., Breitenfeld, L., Piñeiro‐Lamas, M., Figueiras, A., & Herdeiro, M. T. (2016) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb-2016-0010 · Cited by 32

Retrospective survey of the efficacy of mandatory implementation of the Essential Medicine Policy in the primary healthcare setting in China: failure to promote the rational use of antibiotics in clinics

Xiao, Y., Wang, J., Shen, P., Zheng, B., Zheng, Y., & Li, L. (2016) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.06.017 · Cited by 32

Are the Saudi parents aware of antibiotic role in upper respiratory tract infections in children?

Alrafiaah, A. S., Alqarny, M. H., Alkubedan, H. Y., AlQueflie, S., & Omair, A. A. (2017) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2017.01.023 · Cited by 36

Reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in upper respiratory tract infection in a primary care setting in Kolkata, India

Lunn, A. D. (2018) · BMJ Open Quality · doi:10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000217 · Cited by 32

Antibiotic prescribing for the older adult: beliefs and practices in primary care

Hayward, G., Moore, A., McKelvie, S., Lasserson, D. S., & Croxson, C. H. D. (2018) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dky504 · Cited by 32

Interventions to Improve Antimicrobial Stewardship for Older People in Care Homes: A Systematic Review

Nguyen, H. Q., Tunney, M. M., & Hughes, C. M. (2019) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-019-00637-0 · Cited by 31

Extended Versus Narrow-spectrum Antibiotics in the Management of Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children

Cameron, D. B., Melvin, P. R., Graham, D. A., Glass, C. C., Serres, S. K., Kronman, M. P., Saito, J. M., & Rangel, S. J. (2017) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000002349 · Cited by 32

Physicians under Pressure: Evidence from Antibiotics Prescribing in England

Allen, T., Gyrd‐Hansen, D., Kristensen, S. R., Oxholm, A. S., Pedersen, L. B., & Pezzino, M. (2022) · Medical Decision Making · doi:10.1177/0272989x211069931 · Cited by 35

Influence of patient payment on antibiotic prescribing in Irish general practice: a cohort study

Murphy, M., Byrne, S., & Bradley, C. (2011) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp11x593820 · Cited by 32

Process evaluation of a point-of-care cluster randomised trial using a computer-delivered intervention to reduce antibiotic prescribing in primary care

McDermott, L. M., Yardley, L., Little, P. S., van Staa, T. P., Dregan, A., McCann, G., Ashworth, M. J., & Gulliford, M. C. (2014) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-014-0594-1 · Cited by 32

The use and risks of antibiotics in critically ill patients

Denny, K. J., Cotta, M. O., Parker, S. L., Roberts, J. A., & Lipman, J. (2016) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.2016.1164690 · Cited by 33

Principles of Anti-Infective Therapy

Eliopoulos, G. M. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-1604-7.00287-6 · Cited by 31

An overview of developments in nurse prescribing in the UK

Courtenay, M. (2018) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns.2018.e11078 · Cited by 32

Clinician-targeted interventions to reduce antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in primary care: an overview of systematic reviews (Protocol)

Tonkin-Crine, S., Wang, K., van Hecke, O., Roberts, N. W., McCullough, A., Hansen, M., Butler, C. C., & Mar, C. D. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012252 · Cited by 18

All purulence is local – epidemiology and management of skin and soft tissue infections in three urban emergency departments

Merritt, C., Haran, J. P., Mintzer, J., Stricker, J., & Merchant, R. C. (2013) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/1471-227x-13-26 · Cited by 31

Rapid Bead-Based Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Optical Diffusometry

Chung, C.-Y., Wang, J.-C., & Chuang, H.-S. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148864 · Cited by 31

Effectiveness of an intervention to improve antibiotic-prescribing behaviour in primary care: a controlled, interrupted time-series study

Rodrigues, A. T., Roque, F., Piñeiro‐Lamas, M., Falcão, A. C., Figueiras, A., & Herdeiro, M. T. (2019) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkz244 · Cited by 31

Antimicrobial resistance trends in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis urinary isolates from Switzerland: retrospective analysis of data from a national surveillance network over an 8-year period (2009–2016)

Zanichelli, V., Huttner, A. C., Harbarth, S., Kronenberg, A., & Huttner, B. D. (2019) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20110 · Cited by 32

Time Trends and Factors Associated with Antibiotic Prescribing in Swiss Primary Care (2008 to 2020)

Martínez-González, N. A., Gangi, S. D., Pichierri, G., Neuner‐Jehle, S., Senn, O., & Plate, A. (2020) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110837 · Cited by 32

Analyzing data from the digital healthcare exchange platform for surveillance of antibiotic prescriptions in primary care in urban Kenya: A mixed-methods study

Mekuria, L. A., de Wit, T. F. R., Spieker, N., Koech, R., Nyarango, R., Ndwiga, S., Fenenga, C., Ogink, A., Schultsz, C., & Hoog, A. H. V. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222651 · Cited by 31

Watchful Waiting for Acute Otitis Media

Smolinski, N. E., Antonelli, P. J., & Winterstein, A. G. (2022) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2021-055613 · Cited by 31

Systematic review of time lag between antibiotic use and rise of resistant pathogens among hospitalized adults in Europe

Poku, E. N., Cooper, K. L., Cantrell, A. J., Harnan, S., Sin, M. A., Zanuzdana, A., & Hoffmann, A. (2022) · JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance · doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlad001 · Cited by 32

Using Interactive Family Science Shows to Improve Public Knowledge on Antibiotic Resistance: Does It Work?

Lecky, D. M., Hawking, M. K. D., Verlander, N. Q., & McNulty, C. A. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104556 · Cited by 31

Increase in antibiotic prescriptions in out-of-hours primary care in contrast to in-hours primary care prescriptions: service evaluation in a population of 600 000 patients

Hayward, G., Fisher, R. F. R., Spence, G. T., & Lasserson, D. S. (2016) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkw189 · Cited by 31

Impact of an enhanced antibiotic stewardship on reducing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in primary and secondary healthcare settings

Aldeyab, M. A., Scott, M., Kearney, M. P., Alahmadi, Y. M., Magee, F. A., Conlon‐Bingham, G., & McElnay, J. C. (2013) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268813001374 · Cited by 30

Antibiotic prescribing and expenditures in outpatient paediatrics in Greece, 2010–13

Kourlaba, G., Kourkouni, Ε., Spyridis, Ν., Gerber, J. S., Kopsidas, I., Mougkou, K., Lourida, A., & Zaoutis, T. E. (2015) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkv091 · Cited by 30

Understanding flucloxacillin prescribing trends and treatment non-response in UK primary care: a Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) study

Francis, N. A., Hood, K., Lyons, R. A., & Butler, C. (2016) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkw084 · Cited by 31

Diagnostic Accuracy of Cerebrospinal Fluid Procalcitonin in Bacterial Meningitis Patients with Empiric Antibiotic Pretreatment

Li, W., Sun, X., Yuan, F., Gao, Q., Ma, Y., Jiang, Y., Yang, X., Yang, F., Ma, L., & Jiang, W. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02018-16 · Cited by 30

Evaluation of the Need for Antibiotic Prophylaxis During Routine Intra-alveolar Dental Extractions in Healthy Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Sidana, S. O., Mistry, Y., Gandevivala, A., & Motwani, N. (2017) · Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jebdp.2017.04.007 · Cited by 30

Maternal and perinatal complications in pregnant women with urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli

Leyva, J. G. D., Canizalez‐Román, A., Alfaro, L. F. A., González-Ibarra, F. P., & Murillo‐Llanes, J. (2018) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.13687 · Cited by 30

Antibiotic Use and Outcomes After Implementation of the Drug Resistance in Pneumonia Score in ED Patients With Community-Onset Pneumonia

Webb, B. J., Sorensen, J., Mecham, I., Buckel, W. R., Ooi, L., Jephson, A. R., & Dean, N. C. (2019) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2019.04.093 · Cited by 30

Systematic Review on the Impact of Guidelines Adherence on Antibiotic Prescription in Respiratory Infections

Oliveira, I. L. F. C. D., Rego, C., Semedo, G., Gomes, D., Figueiras, A., Roque, F., & Herdeiro, M. T. (2020) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics9090546 · Cited by 30

Barriers and facilitators to prudent antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections: A qualitative study with general practitioners in Malta

Saliba‐Gustafsson, E. A., Nyberg, A., Borg, M., Rosales-Klintz, S., & Lundborg, C. S. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246782 · Cited by 29

Smarter cures to combat COVID-19 and future pathogens: a review

Dai, H., Han, J., & Lichtfouse, E. A. (2021) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-021-01224-9 · Cited by 30

A qualitative study on community use of antibiotics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Shembo, A. K. P., Musumari, P. M., Srithanaviboonchai, K., Tangmunkongvorakul, A., & Dalleur, O. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267544 · Cited by 30

Machine learning applications on neonatal sepsis treatment: a scoping review

O’Sullivan, C., Tsai, D. H., Wu, I. C.-Y., Boselli, E., Hughes, C. M., Padmanabhan, D., & Hsia, Y. (2023) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-023-08409-3 · Cited by 37

Predominance of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections among symptomatic patients in East Africa: a call for action

Maldonado‐Barragán, A., Mshana, S. E., Keenan, K. L., Ke, X., Gillespie, S. H., Stelling, J. M., Maina, J., Bazira, J., Muhwezi, I., Mushi, M. F., et al. (2023) · JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance · doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlae019 · Cited by 28

Interpreting asymptomatic bacteriuria

Cormican, M., Murphy, A. W., & Vellinga, A. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d4780 · Cited by 30

Point of care testing for urinary tract infection in primary care (POETIC): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of FLEXICULT™ informed management of uncomplicated UTI in primary care

Bates, J., Thomas‐Jones, E., Pickles, T., Kirby, N., Gal, M., Bongard, E., Hood, K., Francis, N., Little, P. S., Moore, M. V., et al. (2014) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-014-0187-4 · Cited by 30

Prophylactic antibiotic regimens in tumor surgery (PARITY) survey

Hasan, K., Racano, A., Deheshi, B. M., Farrokhyar, F., Wunder, J. S., Ferguson, P. C., Holt, G. E., Schwartz, H. S., Petrisor, B. A., Bhandari, M., et al. (2012) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-13-91 · Cited by 30

Evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions and use in under-five children in Ibadan, SouthWestern Nigeria

Adisa, R., Orherhe, O. M., & Fakeye, T. O. (2018) · African Health Sciences · doi:10.4314/ahs.v18i4.40 · Cited by 30

Health Professions Digital Education on Antibiotic Management: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Digital Health Education Collaboration

Kyaw, B. M., Car, L. T., van Galen, L. S., van Agtmael, M. A., Costelloe, C., Ajuebor, O., Campbell, J., & Car, J. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/14984 · Cited by 31

Measuring antibiotic stewardship programmes and initiatives: an umbrella review in primary care medicine and a systematic review of dentistry

Teoh, L., Sloan, A. J., McCullough, M. J., & Thompson, W. (2020) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics9090607 · Cited by 29

Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Milk, Yoghurt and Milk Contact Surfaces in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia

Asfaw, T., Genetu, D., Shenkute, D., Shenkutie, T. T., Amare, Y. E., Habteweld, H. A., & Yitayew, B. (2023) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s418793 · Cited by 35

Corticosteroids for acute and subacute cough following respiratory tract infection: a systematic review

El-Gohary, M., Hay, A. D., Coventry, P. A., Moore, M. V., Stuart, B. L., & Little, P. S. (2013) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmt034 · Cited by 29

Tobacco Smoking as a Risk Factor for Increased Antibiotic Prescription

Steinberg, M. B., Akıncıgil, A., Kim, E. J., Shallis, R. M., & Delnevo, C. D. (2015) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.11.009 · Cited by 29

Tipping the Balance Toward Fewer Antibiotics

Mehrotra, A., & Linder, J. A. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.6254 · Cited by 29

What gives rise to clinician gut feeling, its influence on management decisions and its prognostic value for children with RTI in primary care: a prospective cohort study

Turnbull, S., Lucas, P. J., Redmond, N. M., Christensen, H., Thornton, H. V., Cabral, C., Blair, P. S., Delaney, B. C., Thompson, M., Little, P. S., et al. (2018) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-018-0716-7 · Cited by 29

Burden and Risk Factors of Antimicrobial Use in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age with Diarrheal Illness in Rural Bangladesh

Ahmed, S., Korpe, P. S., Ahmed, T., Chisti, M. J., & Faruque, A. S. G. (2018) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0988 · Cited by 29

Retrospective review of the management of acute infections and the indications for antibiotic prescription in primary care in northern Thailand

Greer, R. C., Intralawan, D., Mukaka, M., Wannapinij, P., Day, N., Nedsuwan, S., & Lubell, Y. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022250 · Cited by 29

Knowledge, attitude, perception and practice regarding antimicrobial use in upper respiratory tract infections in Qatar: a systematic review

Shaikhan, F. M., Rawaf, S., Majeed, A., & Hassounah, S. (2018) · JRSM Open · doi:10.1177/2054270418774971 · Cited by 30

An Evaluation Of Antibiotics Prescribing Patterns In The Emergency Department Of A Tertiary Care Hospital In Saudi Arabia

Alanazi, M. Q., Salam, M., Alqahtani, F. Y., Ahmed, A. E., Alenaze, A. Q., Al-Jeraisy, M., Salamah, M. A., Aleanizy, F. S., Daham, D. A., Obaidy, S. A., et al. (2019) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s211673 · Cited by 29

Antibiotic use and deprivation: an analysis of Welsh primary care antibiotic prescribing data by socioeconomic status

Adekanmbi, V., Jones, H., Farewell, D. M., & Francis, N. A. (2020) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkaa168 · Cited by 29

Management of acute fever in children: Consensus recommendations for community and primary healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa

Green, R. J., Webb, D., Jeena, P. M., Wells, M., Butt, N., Hangoma, J. M., Moodley, R., Maimin, J., Wibbelink, M., & Mustafa, F. (2021) · African Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2020.11.004 · Cited by 29

Trimethoprim prescription and subsequent resistance in childhood urinary infection: multilevel modelling analysis

Duffy, M. A., Santiago, V. H., Orange, G., Davey, P. G., & Guthrie, B. (2013) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp13x665198 · Cited by 29

Evaluation of the understanding of antibiotic resistance among Malaysian pharmacy students at public universities: An exploratory study

Rajiah, K., Ren, W. S., & Jamshed, S. Q. (2014) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2014.11.003 · Cited by 29

Antibiotic prescribing practices in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi province, western China, 2013-2015

Yan, K., Xue, M., Ye, D., Yang, C., Chang, J., Jiang, M., Zhao, M., Zhang, H., & Fang, Y. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207229 · Cited by 29

Initiatives Across Countries to Reduce Antibiotic Utilisation and Resistance Patterns: Impact and Implications

Godman, B., Fadare, J. O., Kibuule, D., Irawati, L., Mubita, M., Ogunleye, O. O., Oluka, M. N., Paramadhas, B. D. A., Costa, J. D. O., de Lemos, L. L. P., et al. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48683-3_24 · Cited by 29

E. coli bacteraemia and antimicrobial resistance following antimicrobial prescribing for urinary tract infection in the community

McCowan, C., Bakhshi, A., McConnachie, A., Malcolm, W., Barry, S., Santiago, V. H., & Leanord, A. (2022) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07768-7 · Cited by 29

Nanotechnology-based approaches for antibacterial therapy

Dong, S., Li, X., Pan, Q., Wang, K., Liu, N., Yutao, W., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116798 · Cited by 30

Do NHS GP surgeries employing GPs additionally trained in integrative or complementary medicine have lower antibiotic prescribing rates? Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of national primary care prescribing data in England in 2016

van der Werf, E. T., Duncan, L., von Flotow, P., & Baars, E. W. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020488 · Cited by 28

Sampling of urine for diagnosing urinary tract infection in general practice – First-void or mid-stream urine?

Hølmkjær, P., Bjerrum, L., Mākelä, M., Siersma, V., & Holm, A. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.1080/02813432.2019.1568708 · Cited by 28

Reducing antibiotic prescribing in primary care in England from 2014 to 2017: population-based cohort study

Sun, X., & Gulliford, M. C. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023989 · Cited by 28

Understanding antibiotic overprescribing in China: A conversation analysis approach

Wang, N. C. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113251 · Cited by 28

Educational Interventions to Reduce Prescription and Dispensing of Antibiotics in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Economic Impact

Rocha, V., Estrela, M., Neto, V., Roque, F., Figueiras, A., & Herdeiro, M. T. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics11091186 · Cited by 34

Increasing antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizing children attending day‐care centres in Singapore

Vasoo, S. S., Singh, K. S., Hsu, L. Y., Chiew, Y.-F., Chow, C., Lin, R. T. P., & Tambyah, P. A. (2011) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02036.x · Cited by 28

Antibiotic resistance and irrational prescribing in paediatric clinics in Greece

Toska, A. G., & Geitona, M. (2014) · British Journal of Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjon.2015.24.1.28 · Cited by 28

Patient and prescriber determinants for the choice between amoxicillin and broader-spectrum antibiotics: a nationwide prescription-level analysis

Blommaert, A., Coenen, S., Gielen, B., Goossens, H., Hens, N., & Beutels, P. (2013) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkt170 · Cited by 28

Changing patterns and widening of antibiotic resistance inShigellaspp. over a decade (2000–2011), Andaman Islands, India

Bhattacharya, D., Bhattacharya, H., Sayi, D., Bharadwaj, A., Singhania, M., Sugunan, A. P., & Roy, S. (2014) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268814000958 · Cited by 28

Reversing resistance: different routes and common themes across pathogens

Allen, R. C., Engelstädter, J., Bonhoeffer, S., McDonald, B. A., & Hall, A. R. (2017) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.1619 · Cited by 27

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and behavior towards antibiotic use in primary health care patients in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

Sherbiny, N. A. E., Ibrahim, E. H., & Masoud, M. (2018) · Alexandria Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajme.2018.06.001 · Cited by 28

Physicians’ attitude and knowledge regarding antibiotic use and resistance in ambulatory settings

Harris, A., Chandramohan, S., Awali, R. A., Grewal, M., Tillotson, G., & Chopra, T. (2019) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2019.02.009 · Cited by 28

Gut Resistome After Oral Antibiotics in Preschool Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Oldenburg, C. E., Hinterwirth, A. J., Sié, A., Coulibaly, B., Ouèrmi, L., Dah, C., Tapsoba, C., Cummings, M. E., Zhong, L., Chen, C., et al. (2019) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciz455 · Cited by 28

Worldwide antibiotic prescription practices in primary care and associated factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Song, Q., Li, J., Zhou, P., Chen, R., Liu, Z., Li, H., & Yin, X. (2025) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2025.08.009 · Cited by 27

Primary care treatment guidelines for skin infections in Europe: congruence with antimicrobial resistance found in commensal Staphylococcus aureusin the community

van Bijnen, E. M., Paget, W. J., den Heijer, C. D. J., Stobberingh, E. E., Bruggeman, C. A., & Schellevis, F. (2014) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-014-0175-8 · Cited by 28

Urinary tract infection in the setting of vesicoureteral reflux

Garcia-Roig, M. L., & Kirsch, A. J. (2016) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.8390.1 · Cited by 27

Variation in US outpatient antibiotic prescribing quality measures according to health plan and geography.

Roberts, R. M., Hicks, L. A., & Bartoces, M. G. (2016) · PubMed · Cited by 27

Trends in Outpatient Antibiotic Use in 3 Health Plans

Finkelstein, J. A., Raebel, M. A., Nordin, J. D., Lakoma, M. D., & Young, J. G. (2018) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2018-1259 · Cited by 27

Rethinking management of neonates at risk of sepsis

Lavoie, P. M., Popescu, C. R., MOLYNEUX, E. M., Wynn, J. L., Chiume, M., Keitel, K., Lufesi, N., Levine, G. A., Ansermino, J. M., & Kissoon, N. “. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31627-7 · Cited by 27

Validating a popular outpatient antibiotic database to reliably identify high prescribing physicians for patients 65 years of age and older

Schwartz, K. L., Chen, C., Langford, B. J., Brown, K. A., Daneman, N., Johnstone, J., Wu, J. H., Leung, V., & Garber, G. E. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223097 · Cited by 27

Inappropriate supply of antibiotics for common viral infections by community pharmacies in Vietnam: A standardised patient survey

Zawahir, S., Le, H. T. T., Nguyen, T. A., Beardsley, J., Dang, A. D., Bernays, S., Viney, K. A., Cao, T. H., Drabarek, D., Tran, H. H., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100447 · Cited by 27

Application of mixed-effects models to study the country-specific outpatient antibiotic use in Europe: a tutorial on longitudinal data analysis

Minalu, G., Aerts, M., Coenen, S., Versporten, A., Müller, A., Adriaenssens, N., Beutels, P., Molenberghs, G., Goossens, H., & Hens, N. (2011) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkr460 · Cited by 27

Longitudinal point prevalence survey of antibacterial use in Northern Ireland using the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) PPS and Global-PPS tool

Al‐Taani, G. M., Scott, M., Farren, D., Gilmore, F., McCullagh, B., Hibberd, C., McCorry, A., Versporten, A., Goossens, H., Zarb, P., et al. (2018) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s095026881800095x · Cited by 27

EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTIC PRESCRIBING IN PRIMARY CARE ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW - 2019

Sarah Nasser Alshehri, S. M. H. Q. (2019) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.3402404

Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance: a literature review 2020

Alharbi, B. A., Assiri, A. A., Asiri, K. A., Albagli, D. A., Alanazi, A. A., Saleh, A. A., Luheybi, A. A., Thabit, Y. Y., & Alluhaybi, A. H. (2020) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200065

Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Admitted to Hospital with Urinary Tract Infection: A Controlled Observational Pilot Study

Costelloe, C., Williams, O., Montgomery, A. A., Dayan, C. M., & Hay, A. D. (2014) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics3010029 · Cited by 12

Antibiotikaresistenzen beim einzelnen Patienten

(2011) · Krankenhaushygiene up2date · doi:10.1055/s-0030-1256848

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Hay, A. D., Thomas, M., Montgomery, A., Wetherell, M., Lovering, A., Mcnulty, C., Lewis, D., Carron, B., Henderson, E., & Macgowan, A. (2015)