Person centred coordinated care: where does the QOF point us?
Abstract
Martin McShane and Edward Mitchell question the validity of the Quality and Outcomes Framework and suggest how it should change in the future
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The IAPT initiative embedded routine outcome measurement using validated tools such as PHQ-9 and CORE and could demonstrate good outcomes that led to further funding.
“One of these areas is the abovementioned IAPT initiative, which embedded routine outcome measurementusing validated tools such as the PHQ-9 and the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE) -and could demonstrate good outcomes that have led to further funding into the initiative 71 .”
From Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: a global perspective (2018) · cites this paper as [71]
Cites
Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century
Baker, A. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7322.1192 · Cited by 10,754 · see citing works
Chronic disease management: what will it take to improve care for chronic illness?
Eh, W. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 2,095 · see citing works
Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis?
Greenhalgh, T., Howick, J., Maskrey, N., & for the Evidence Based Medicine Renaissance Group (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g3725 · Cited by 1,787 · see citing works
Survival as a function of HbA1c in people with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Currie, C. J., Peters, J. R., Tynan, A., Evans, M., Heine, R. J., Bracco, O. L., Zagar, T., & Poole, C. D. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61969-3 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Pay-for-Performance Programs in Family Practices in the United Kingdom
Doran, T., Fullwood, C., Gravelle, H. S. E., Reeves, D., Kontopantelis, E., Hiroeh, U., & Roland, M. O. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa055505 · Cited by 758 · see citing works
Managing patients with multimorbidity in primary care
Wallace, E., Salisbury, C., Guthrie, B., Lewis, C., Fahey, T. P., & Smith, S. M. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h176 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Value for money and the Quality and Outcomes Framework in primary care in the UK NHS
Walker, S., Mason, A., Claxton, K., Cookson, R., Fenwick, E. A. L., Fleetcroft, R., & Sculpher, M. J. (2010) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp10x501859 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Kontopantelis, E., Springate, D. A., Reeves, D., Ashcroft, D. M., Valderas, J. M., & Doran, T. (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g330 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The narrative for person-centred coordinated care
Redding, D. (2013) · Journal of Integrated Care · doi:10.1108/jica-06-2013-0018 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Shohet, C., Yelloly, J. M., Bingham, P., & Lyratzopoulos, G. (2007) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2007.02.005 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
How to identify when a performance indicator has run its course
Reeves, D., Doran, T., Valderas, J. M., Kontopantelis, E., Trueman, P., Sutton, M., Campbell, S., & Lester, H. E. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c1717 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The Quality and Outcomes Framework--where next?
Gillam, S., & Steel, N. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f659 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Quality and Outcomes Framework: QOF - Transforming General Practice
Gillam, S., & Siriwardena, A. N. (2010) · Figshare · Cited by 35 · see citing works
BMJ roundtable debate: How can we get better at providing patient centred care?
Parish, E. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h412 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
An international perspective on the basis for payment for performance.
Starfield, B. H., & Mangin, D. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The impact of the QOF on practice organisation and service delivery
Checkland, K., & Harrison, S. (2018) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315377483-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Learning from the QOF: a review of existing research
Steel, N., & Willems, S. J. T. (2018) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315377483-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Spence, D. D. (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g1899 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
GPs earn less from QOF points as thresholds for some indicators rise
Hawkes, N. (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g6541 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 20 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: a global perspective
Kilbourne, A. M., Beck, K., Spaeth‐Rublee, B., Ramanuj, P., O'Brien, R. W., Tomoyasu, N., & Pincus, H. A. (2018) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20482 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Correlation between hospital finances and quality and safety of patient care
Akinleye, D. D., McNutt, L., Lazariu, V., & McLaughlin, C. C. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219124 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Care that Matters: Quality Measurement and Health Care
Saver, B. G., Martin, S. A., Adler, R. N., Candib, L. M., Deligiannidis, K. E., Golding, J., Mullin, D. J., Roberts, M., & Topolski, S. (2015) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001902 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Parkinson, B., McManus, E., Sutton, M., & Meacock, R. (2022) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2022-014983 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Impact of GP-Centered Healthcare
Freytag, A., Biermann, J., Ochs, A., Lux, G., Lehmann, T., Ziegler, J., Schulz, S., Wensing, M., Wasem, J., & Gensichen, J. S. (2016) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0791 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Close, J., Fosh, B., Wheat, H. C., Horrell, J., Lee, W. E., Byng, R., Bainbridge, M., Blackwell, R. E., Witts, L., Hall, L., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029721 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Quality after the QOF? Before dismantling it, we need a redefined measure of ‘quality’
Close, J., Byng, R., Valderas, J. M., Britten, N., & Lloyd, H. M. (2018) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp18x697589 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
How could the quality and outcomes framework (QOF) do more to tackle health inequalities?
Thorne, T. (2016) · London Journal of Primary Care · doi:10.1080/17571472.2016.1215370 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Challenges of incentivising patient centred care
Foskett-Tharby, R., Hex, N., Chuter, A., & Gill, P. S. (2017) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.j4532 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Owens, J., Ravindrarajah, R., Norman, G., Hopkin, E., Shi, C., Lovell, K., & Bee, P. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093426 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Xiao, M., Núñez-Elvira, A., & Kristensen, S. R. (2025) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-025-02930-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Meeting the physical health needs of people with serious mental illness in primary care
Bosanquet, K. (2020) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kokab, F., Foskett-Tharby, R., Hex, N., & Gill, P. S. (2017) · BJGP Open · doi:10.3399/bjgpopen17x101205
Person-centred coordinated care in UK: new incentives needed
(2015) · PharmacoEconomics & Outcomes News · doi:10.1007/s40274-015-2198-3
Mou, L., Lau, Y., & William, W. (2026) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2026.105654
- Authors
- McShane, M., & Mitchell, E.
- Affiliations
- NHS England (GB)
- Warneford Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- McShane, M.
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2015-06-11
- Volume
- 350
- Issue
- jun11 2
- Pages
- h2540-h2540
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2222300795
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 4.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Services Management and Policy
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
- Keywords
- Quality and Outcomes Framework, person-centred care, care coordination, primary care quality measurement, health policy reform
- MeSH terms
- Delivery of Health Care, United Kingdom, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Primary Health Care, Reimbursement, Incentive, Patient-Centered Care, Quality Indicators, Health Care
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review