The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The validity of the Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index using medicines mapped to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: To provide a map of Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System codes to individual Rx-Risk comorbidities and to validate the Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index. Design: The 46 comorbidities in the Rx-Risk Index were mapped to dispensing’s indicative of each condition using ATC codes. Prescription dispensing claims in 2014 were used to calculate the Rx-Risk. A baseline logistic regression model was fitted using age and gender as covariates. Rx-Risk was added to the base model as an (1) unweighted score, (2) weighted score and as (3) individual comorbidity categories indicating the presence or absence of each condition. The Akaike information criterion and c-statistic were used to compare the models. Setting: Models were developed in the Australian Government Department of Veterans’ Affairs health claims data, and external validation was undertaken in a 10% sample of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Data. Participants: Subjects aged 65 years or older. Outcome measures: Death within 1 year (eg, 2015). Results: Compared with the base model (c-statistic 0.738, 95% CI 0.734 to 0.742), including Rx-Risk improved prediction of mortality; unweighted score 0.751, 95% CI 0.747 to 0.754, weighted score 0.786, 95% CI 0.782 to 0.789 and individual comorbidities 0.791, 95% CI 0.788 to 0.795. External validation confirmed the utility of the weighted index (c-statistic=0.833). Conclusions: The updated Rx-Risk Comorbidity Score was predictive of 1-year mortality and may be useful in practice to adjust for confounding in observational studies using medication claims data.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Charlson, M. E., Pompei, P., Ales, K. L., & MacKenzie, C. R. (1987) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8 · Cited by 49,742
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-3338 · Cited by 35,305
Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2000) · doi:10.1002/0471722146 · Cited by 20,302
Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data.
Elixhauser, A., Steiner, C., Harris, D. R., & Coffey, R. M. (1998) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199801000-00004 · Cited by 9,921
Pencina, M. J., D' Agostino, R. B., D' Agostino, R. B., & Vasan, R. S. (2008) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2929 · Cited by 6,493
The pre-therapeutic classification of co-morbidity in chronic disease
Feinstein, A. R. (1970) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(70)90054-8 · Cited by 1,544 · cited 5×
“Dementia N06DA02–N06DA04, N06DX01 3868 (3) 2”
InfluentialVogeli, C., Shields, A. E., Lee, T. A., Gibson, T. B., Marder, W. D., Weiss, K. B., & Blumenthal, D. (2007) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0322-1 · Cited by 1,150
A chronic disease score from automated pharmacy data
Von Korff, M., Wagner, E. H., & Saunders, K. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90016-g · Cited by 961
Akaike's Information Criterion and Recent Developments in Information Complexity
Bozdogan, H. (2000) · Journal of Mathematical Psychology · doi:10.1006/jmps.1999.1277 · Cited by 674
A Chronic Disease Score with Empirically Derived Weights
Clark, D. O., Korff, M. V., Saunders, K., Balugh, W. M., & Simon, G. E. (1995) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199508000-00004 · Cited by 551
Cited by
Inacio, M. C., Lang, C., Bray, S. C. E., Visvanathan, R., Whitehead, C., Griffith, E. C., Evans, K., Corlis, M., & Wesselingh, S. (2021) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/imj.14871 · Cited by 91
Amare, A. T., Caughey, G. E., Whitehead, C., Lang, C. E., Bray, S. C., Corlis, M., Visvanathan, R., Wesselingh, S., & Inacio, M. C. (2020) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867420945367 · Cited by 53
Lin, J., Pearson, S.-A., Greenfield, J. R., Park, K. H., Havard, A., Brieger, D., Day, R. O., Falster, M. O., & de Oliveira Costa, J. (2023) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-023-03539-8 · Cited by 48
Choi, S. K. Y., Venetis, C., Ledger, W., Havard, A., Harris, K., Norman, R. J., Jorm, L. R., & Chambers, G. M. (2022) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deac032 · Cited by 42
Prevalence and factors associated with analgesic prescribing in poly-medicated elderly patients
Al-Qurain, A. A., Gebremichael, L. G., Khan, M. S., Williams, D. B., Mackenzie, L., Phillips, C., Russell, P., Roberts, M. S., & Wiese, M. D. (2020) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-019-00742-0 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Pratt, N. L., Kerr, M., Barratt, J. D., Kemp-Casey, A., Kalisch Ellett, L. M., Ramsay, E., & Roughead, E. E.
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e021122
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2796511697
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 11.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The validity of the Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index using medicines mapped to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021122
- The paper
- Pratt, N. L., Kerr, M., Barratt, J. D., Kemp-Casey, A., Kalisch Ellett, L. M., Ramsay, E., & Roughead, E. E. (2018). The validity of the Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index using medicines mapped to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021122
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
