Structured diet and physical activity programmes provide strong evidence of effectiveness for type 2 diabetes prevention and improvement of cardiometabolic health
Abstract
Commentary on : Balk EM, Earley A, Raman G, et al. Combined diet and physical activity promotion programs to prevent type 2 diabetes among persons at increased risk: a systematic review for the community preventive services task force. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:437–51.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant and growing medical problem affecting close to 400 million people worldwide1 and almost 10% of the US population2 while imposing a major financial burden on society.3 Furthermore, an estimated 37% of the US adult population is at risk of T2DM, making primary prevention of T2DM a critical public health objective. Large clinical trials have shown that combined diet and physical activity promotion programmes … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAnn%2BIntern%2BMed%26rft.volume%253D163%26rft.spage%253D437%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.7326%252FM15-0452%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F26167912%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.7326/M15-0452&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=26167912&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmed%2F21%2F1%2F18.atom
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Existing meta-analyses show that lifestyle modification strategies to prevent type 2 diabetes delivered under real-world conditions are effective for promoting weight loss.
“Existing meta-analyses show that LSM strategies to prevent type 2 diabetes that are delivered under real-world conditions are effective for promoting weight loss (7–11)”
From Global diabetes prevention interventions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the real-world impact on incidence, weight, and glucose (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
Effects of real-world lifestyle modification strategies on glucose outcomes are mixed, with both positive and null estimates obtained.
“Effects on glucose outcomes are mixed, with both positive and null estimates having been obtained (7,10,11).”
From Global diabetes prevention interventions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the real-world impact on incidence, weight, and glucose (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
One meta-analysis commissioned by the Community Preventive Services Task Force showed lifestyle modification can reduce type 2 diabetes incidence, although estimates were derived from combined translation and proof-of-principle studies.
“Regarding type 2 diabetes incidence, one meta-analysis commissioned by the Community Preventive Services Task Force showed LSM can reduce incidence, although estimates were derived from combined translation and proof-of-principle studies (11).”
From Global diabetes prevention interventions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the real-world impact on incidence, weight, and glucose (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
The diabetes relative risk reduction effect observed aligns with a previous meta-analytic estimate of translation studies but is smaller than that reported in a meta-analysis from the Community Preventive Services Task Force.
“The diabetes relative risk reduction effect we observed aligns with a previous meta-analytic estimate of translation studies (14) but is smaller than that reported in a meta-analysis from the Community Preventive Services Task Force (11).”
From Global diabetes prevention interventions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the real-world impact on incidence, weight, and glucose (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
The FBG findings align with previous findings.
“We found significant pre/post reductions in FBG within intervention participants and larger reductions among intervention than among control participants, which aligns with previous findings (10,11).”
From Global diabetes prevention interventions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the real-world impact on incidence, weight, and glucose (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
Cites
Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
(2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012512 · Cited by 19,011 · see citing works
Tuomilehto, J., Lindström, J., Eriksson, J. G., Valle, T. T., Hämäläinen, H., Ilanne-Parikka, P., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Laakso, M., Louheranta, A., Rastas, M., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200105033441801 · Cited by 10,873 · see citing works
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Galaviz, K. I., Weber, M. B., Straus, A., Haw, J. S., Narayan, K. M. V., & Ali, M. K. (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc17-2222 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pronk, N. P.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pronk, Nicolaas P
- ORCID
- Pronk, Nicolaas P
- Venue
- Evidence Based Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2015-10-22
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-18
- ISSN
- 1356-5524 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-6810
- OpenAlex
- W2174377273
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes prevention, physical activity programs, cardiometabolic health, vulnerable populations, primary prevention, community-based prevention, lifestyle intervention, diabetes prevention, glycemic control, cardiovascular risk reduction, weight loss, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, lipid profile, HbA1c, community health workers, diabetes self-management education
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Reducing, Health Promotion, Humans, Exercise
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