Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma
Open accessAbstract
Paediatric abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of fatal child maltreatment among young children. Current prevention efforts have not been consistently effective. Policies such as paid parental leave could potentially prevent AHT, given its impacts on risk factors for child maltreatment. To explore associations between California's 2004 paid family leave (PFL) policy and hospital admissions for AHT, we used difference-in-difference analyses of 1995-2011 US state-level data before and after the policy in California and seven comparison states. Compared with seven states with no PFL policies, California's 2004 PFL showed a significant decrease in AHT admissions in both <1 and <2-year-olds. Analyses using additional data years and comparators could yield different results.
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The lower odds of harsh physical punishment among children ages 0-1 years may be explained by abusive head trauma-not examined as harsh physical punishment in this study-being the most common means of fatal injury among this age group.
“This may be explained by abusive head trauma -not examined as harsh PP in this study -being the most common means of fatal injury among this age group (Klevens et al., 2016;National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome, 2020).”
From Child abuse-related homicides precipitated by caregiver use of harsh physical punishment (2023) · cites this paper as Klevens et al., 2016
The paper’s opening passage (indexed under Abstract; page unavailable) calls abusive head trauma a leading cause of fatal child maltreatment among young children and says most victims are under two. That supports its relevance to infants, but not the stronger claim that it is the most common means of fatal injury among children aged 0–1. The proposed explanation for the citing study’s lower odds of harsh physical punishment is not tested in this paper. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Cites
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The effect of California’s paid family leave policy on parent health: a quasi-experimental study.
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Paid Family Leave and Mental Health in the U.S.: A Quasi-Experimental Study of State Policies
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Child abuse-related homicides precipitated by caregiver use of harsh physical punishment
Wilson, R. F., Afifi, T. O., Yuan, K., Lyons, B. H., Fortson, B. L., Oliver, C., Watson, A., & Self-Brown, S. (2023) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105953 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“…parents on how to identify safe and appropriate caregivers for their child(ren) may reduce the number of children being left under the supervision of unsafe caregivers (Klevens, Barnett, Florence, & Moore, 2015; Klevens, Luo, Xu, Peterson, & Latzman, 2016; Prevent Child Abuse Nevada, 2015).”
Background
- Authors
- Klevens, J., Luo, F., Xu, L., Peterson, C., & Latzman, N. E.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klevens, Joanne
- Venue
- Injury Prevention
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2016-02-11
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 442-445
- ISSN
- 1353-8047 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-5785
- PMC
- PMC4981551
- OpenAlex
- W2302228718
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 10.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Injury Prevention (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child Abuse and Related Trauma
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- paid family leave, shaken baby syndrome, child abuse, parental leave policy, hospitalization, child abuse prevention, California
- MeSH terms
- Adult, California, Child Abuse, Depression, Female, Craniocerebral Trauma, Hospitalization, Humans, Income, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Parents, Policy Making, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Parental Leave
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