The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS) study: safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the effectiveness and long term safety of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (MS), in a follow up to the main Cannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis (CAMS) study. METHODS: In total, 630 patients with stable MS with muscle spasticity from 33 UK centres were randomised to receive oral Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), cannabis extract, or placebo in the main 15 week CAMS study. The primary outcome was change in the Ashworth spasticity scale. Secondary outcomes were the Rivermead Mobility Index, timed 10 metre walk, UK Neurological Disability Score, postal Barthel Index, General Health Questionnaire-30, and a series of nine category rating scales. Following the main study, patients were invited to continue medication, double blinded, for up to 12 months in the follow up study reported here. RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis of data from the 80% of patients followed up for 12 months showed evidence of a small treatment effect on muscle spasticity as measured by change in Ashworth score from baseline to 12 months (Delta(9)-THC mean reduction 1.82 (n = 154, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 3.12), cannabis extract 0.10 (n = 172, 95% CI -0.99 to 1.19), placebo -0.23 (n = 176, 95% CI -1.41 to 0.94); p = 0.04 unadjusted for ambulatory status and centre, p = 0.01 adjusted). There was suggestive evidence for treatment effects of Delta(9)-THC on some aspects of disability. There were no major safety concerns. Overall, patients felt that these drugs were helpful in treating their disease. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide limited evidence for a longer term treatment effect of cannabinoids. A long term placebo controlled study is now needed to establish whether cannabinoids may have a role beyond symptom amelioration in MS.
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“This study reported that 74% of the patients in the placebo group, versus 45% of the patients receiving cannabinoid-based medications, cited a lack of benefit derived from experimental medication as the reason for discontinuation of the trial.145”
From Cannabinoids as Pharmacotherapies for Neuropathic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside (2009) · cites this paper as [145]
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“A one year double-blind, placebo-controlled follow up study in MS patients demonstrated improved symptoms of pain, spasms, spasticity, sleep, shakiness, energy level, and tiredness following administration of either dronabinol or Cannador®.145”
From Cannabinoids as Pharmacotherapies for Neuropathic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside (2009) · cites this paper as [145]
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Cannabidiol and (−)Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Hampson AJ, Grimaldi M, Axelrod J, et al. Cannabidiol and (-)delta9- tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants. Proc Natl Acad Sci SA 1998;95:8268-73.
- Riazi A, Fox P, Vickery J, et al. Developing a patient-based measure of the impact of spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 2003;9:S151.
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Whiting, P. F., Wolff, R. F., Deshpande, S., Di Nisio, M., Duffy, S., Hernandez, A. V., Keurentjes, J. C., Lang, S., Misso, K., Ryder, S., et al. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6358 · Cited by 2,169
Black, N., Stockings, E., Campbell, G., Tran, L. T., Zagic, D., Hall, W. D., Farrell, M., & Degenhardt, L. (2019) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30401-8 · Cited by 564
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Cannabinoids in medicine: A review of their therapeutic potential
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When does acute pain become chronic?
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zajicek, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Zajicek, J P
- ORCID
- Zajicek, J P
- Venue
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2005-12-01
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1664-1669
- ISSN
- 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1739436
- OpenAlex
- W2031114852
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 14.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, cannabinoids, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis extracts, spasticity, long-term safety, disability, mobility (physical function), spasticity management
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Cannabis, Double-Blind Method, Female, Persons with Disabilities, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Placebos, Plant Extracts, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
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