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Understanding work related musculoskeletal pain: does repetitive work cause stress symptoms?
Open accessAbstract
Background:Pain in the neck and upper extremity is reported with high frequency in repetitive work. Mechanical overload of soft tissues seems a plausible mechanism, but psychological factors have received considerable attention during the past decade. If psychological factors are important for development of regional pain in repetitive work, stress symptoms would likely be on the causal path. Aims:To examine whether objective measures of repetitive monotonous work are related to occurrence and development of stress symptoms. Methods:In 1994–95, 2033 unskilled workers with continuous repetitive work and 813 workers with varied work were enrolled. Measures of repetitiveness and force requirements were quantified using video observations to obtain individual exposure estimates. Stress symptoms were recorded at baseline and after approximately one, two, and three years by the Setterlind Stress Profile Inventory. Results:Repetitive work, task cycle time, and quantified measures of repetitive upper extremity movements including force requirements were not related to occurrence of stress symptoms at baseline or development of stress symptoms during three years of follow up. Conclusions:The findings do not indicate that repetitive work is associated with stress symptoms, but small effects cannot be ruled out. Thus the results question the importance of mental stress mechanisms in the causation of regional pain related to repetitive work. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution because the stress inventory has not been validated against a gold standard.
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Moderate-quality evidence for no increased incidence of stress-related disorders due to low skill discretion, with an OR of 1.11 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.32).
“Two cohort studies16 17 demonstrate that there is moderate-quality evidence for no increased incidence of SRD due to low skill discretion, with an OR of 1.11 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.32).”
From Work-related psychosocial risk factors for stress-related mental disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
Table 4 (labelled Discussion in our copy) reports odds ratios for stress symptoms by repetitive-work characteristics, not by skill discretion. The Design of analysis section says the cohort comprised unskilled workers, but does not measure low skill discretion. Searches for “skill discretion” and the stated OR and confidence interval found no passage supporting this specific claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bonde, J. P., Mikkelsen, S., Andersen, J. H., Fallentin, N., Bælum, J., Svendsen, S. W., Thomsen, J. F., Frost, P., & Kærgaard, A.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Glostrup Hospital (DK)
- Regionshospitalet Herning (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Bonde, J P
- Venue
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2004-12-21
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-48
- ISSN
- 0007-1072 (ISSN-L)
- 1351-0711
- 1470-7926
- PMC
- PMC1740840
- OpenAlex
- W1983611560
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsråd
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
- Keywords
- repetitive work, work-related musculoskeletal pain, stress symptoms, psychological stress, neck pain, upper limb pain, force requirements, low-skilled workers, psychosocial factors in pain
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Pain, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Cumulative Trauma Disorders, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Videotape Recording, Occupational Exposure
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