The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Trends in factors indicating increased risk for STI among key subpopulations in the United States, 2002–2015.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Within the context of rising rates of reportable STIs in the USA, we used national survey data to examine temporal trends in high-risk factors that indicate need for STI/HIV preventive services among key subpopulations with disproportionate STI rates. METHODS: We used data from the 2002 (n=12 571), 2006-2010 (n=22 682) and 2011-2015 (n=20 621) National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). NSFG is a national probability survey of 15-44 year olds living in US households. We examined STI risk factors among sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) and Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, 15-19 year old, 20-24 year old, and 25-29 year old women who have sex with men (WSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW). Risk behaviours included: received money or drugs for sex, gave money or drugs for sex, partner who injected drugs, partner who has HIV, non-monogamous partner (WSM, MSW only) and male partner who had sex with other men (WSM only). Endorsement of any of these behaviours was recoded into a composite variable focusing on factors indicating increased STI risk (yes/no). We used chi-squares and logistic regression (calculating predicted marginals to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs)) to examine STI risk factors over time among the key subpopulations. RESULTS: From 2002 to 2011-2015, reported STI risk factors did not change or declined over time among key subpopulations in the USA. In adjusted analyses comparing 2002 to 2011-2015, we identified significant declines among WSM: Hispanics (aPR=0.84 (0.68-1.04), non-Hispanic blacks (aPR=0.69 (0.58-0.82), adolescents (aPR=0.71 (0.55-0.91) and 25-29 year olds (aPR=0.76 (0.58-0.98); among MSW: Hispanics (aPR=0.53 (0.40-0.70), non-Hispanic blacks (aPR=0.74 (0.59-0.94) and adolescents (aPR=0.63 (0.49-0.82); and among MSM (aPR=0.53 (0.34-0.84). CONCLUSIONS: While reported STIs have increased, STI risk factors among key subpopulations were stable or declined. Condom use related to these risk factors, sexual mixing patterns and STI testing should be examined.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Factors contributing to increased vulnerability to STIs during adolescence include having multiple sex partners, having sequential sex partnerships of limited duration or concurrent partnerships, failing to use barrier protection consistently and correctly, having lower socioeconomic status, and facing multiple obstacles to accessing health care.
“Factors contributing to increased vulnerability to STIs during adolescence include having multiple sex partners, having sequential sex partnerships of limited duration or concurrent partnerships, failing to use barrier protection consistently and correctly, having lower socioeconomic status, and facing multiple obstacles to accessing health care (141,165).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [165]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Branson, B. M., Handsfield, H. H., Lampe, M. A., Janssen, R. S., Taylor, A. W., Lyss, S. B., & Clark, J. E. (2006) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e545592006-001 · Cited by 3,041
Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines (2015)
Workowski, K., & BOLAN, G. A. (2015) · The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy · doi:10.18370/2309-4117.2015.24.51-56 · Cited by 2,684
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010
Workowski, K., & BOLAN, G. A. (2011) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.04.006 · Cited by 2,074
Mercer, C. H., Tanton, C., Prah, P., Erens, B., Sonnenberg, P., Clifton, S., Macdowall, W., Lewis, R., Field, N., Datta, J., et al. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62035-8 · Cited by 724
Clinical Framework and Medical Countermeasure Use During an Anthrax Mass-Casualty Incident
by, P., Bower, W. A., Hendricks, K. A., Pillai, S. K., Guarnizo, J. T., & Meaney‐Delman, D. M. (2015) · MMWR Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr6404a1 · Cited by 585
(2009) · PubMed · Cited by 159
Copen, C. E. (2017) · PubMed · Cited by 79
Self-citationChandra, A., Billioux, V. G., Copen, C. E., & Sionéan, C. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 75
Self-citationLeichliter, J. S., Haderxhanaj, L. T., Chesson, H. W., & Aral, S. O. (2013) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31828e0cfc · Cited by 24
Self-citationChanges in the Distribution of Sex Partners in the United States: 2002 to 2011–2013
Harper, C. R., Dittus, P., Leichliter, J. S., et al. (2017) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0000000000000554 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021
Workowski, K. A., Bachmann, L. H., Chan, P. A., Johnston, C. M., Muzny, C. A., Park, I., Reno, H., Zenilman, J. M., & Bolan, G. A. (2021) · MMWR. Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 · Cited by 3,018
Metadata
- Authors
- Leichliter, J. S., Dittus, P. J., Copen, C. E., & Aral, S. O.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Venue
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2019-07-26
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 121-123
- ISSN
- 0007-134X (ISSN-L)
- 1368-4973
- 1472-3263
- PMC
- PMC6982539
- OpenAlex
- W2965748343
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sexually Transmitted Infections (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Keywords
- STI risk factors, HIV prevention, men who have sex with men, women who have sex with men, men who have sex with women, transactional sex, HIV-positive partners, non-monogamy, HIV prevention services, temporal trends, Hispanic population, Black population, adolescents, young adults, National Survey of Family Growth, United States, health disparities
- MeSH terms
- Sexual and Gender Minorities, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Black or African American, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Sex Work, Risk Factors, Sexual Behavior, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, United States, HIV Infections, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Heterosexuality, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
