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Intestinal parasites of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in northern and western Canada

Schurer, Janna M., Pawlik, Michael, Huber, Anna, Elkin, Brett, Cluff, H. Dean, Pongracz, Jodie D., Gesy, Karen, Wagner, Brent, Dixon, Brent, Merks, Harriet, Bal, Mandeep S., Jenkins, Emily J.·2016·Canadian Journal of Zoology
DOI 10.1139/cjz-2016-0017
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Abstract

Gray wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) are mobile opportunistic predators that can be infected by a wide range of parasites, with many acquired via predator–prey relationships. Historically, many of these parasites were identified only to genus or family, but genetic tools now enable identification of parasite fauna to species and beyond. We examined 191 intestines from wolves harvested for other purposes from regions in the Northwest Territories, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. Adult helminths were collected from intestinal contents for morphological and molecular identification, and for a subset of wolves, fecal samples were also analyzed to detect helminth eggs and protozoan (oo)cysts. Using both detection methods, we found that 83% of 191 intestines contained one or more parasite species, including cestodes (Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., and Diphyllobothrium sp.), nematodes (Uncinaria stenocephala Railliet, 1884, Trichuris spp., Physaloptera spp., and Toxascaris leonina (von Linstow, 1902)), a trematode (Alaria sp.), and protozoa (Sarcocystis spp., Giardia sp., and Cryptosporidium spp.). Molecular characterization identified one species of Diphyllobothrium (Diphyllobothrium latum (L., 1758) Cobbold, 1858), three species of Taenia (Taenia krabbei Moniez, 1879, Taenia hydatigena Pallas, 1766, and Taenia multiceps Leske, 1786), and two Giardia duodenalis (Davaine) Deschiens, 1921 assemblages (B and C). These results demonstrate the diverse diet of wolves and illustrate the possibility of parasite spillover among wildlife, domestic animals, and people.

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  • Consumption of carnivore meat can be hazardous to human health due to parasitic infections and the bioaccumulation of toxins.

    “Moreover, not only carnivores have a lower biomass transfer efficiency but also consumption of carnivore meat can be hazardous to human health due to parasitic infections and the bioaccumulation of toxins (35–37).”

    From Pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas identified by human fecal biomarkers in coprolites from Paisley Caves, Oregon (2020) · cites this paper as [36]

    The discussion (draft p. 13) reports zoonotic parasites in wolves and identifies potential risks to human health. It does not say that eating carnivore meat transmits those parasites or address toxin bioaccumulation. The parasitic-health-risk portion is supported, but the claimed consumption route and toxin hazard are not. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Research works printed but not linked: 38

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Metadata

Authors
Schurer, J. M., Pawlik, M., Huber, A., Elkin, B., Cluff, H. D., Pongracz, J. D., Gesy, K., Wagner, B., Dixon, B., Merks, H., Bal, M. S., & Jenkins, E. J.
Affiliations
  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
  • Wildlife Division, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, 600, 5102–50th Avenue, Yellowknife, NT X1A 3S8, Canada.
  • Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Inuvik Region, Box 2749, Inuvik, NT X0E 0T0, Canada.
  • Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, P.L. 2204E, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
  • Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
Venue
Canadian Journal of Zoology
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Published
2016-09
Volume
94
Issue
9
Pages
643-650
ISSN
  • 0008-4301
  • 1480-3283
DOI
10.1139/cjz-2016-0017
Cited by
28
References
0
Language
en
Licence
www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)

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