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Cited by 55Geological and Geochemical AnalysisGeological Studies and ExplorationGeological and Geophysical Studies

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Contrasting Archean ultramafic igneous bodies in Dundonald and Clergue Townships, Ontario

Naldrett, A. J., Mason, G. D.·1968·Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
DOI 10.1139/e68-012
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Abstract

A differentiated sill of ultramafic and gabbroic rocks in Dundonald and Clergue Townships (25 miles northeast of Timmins, Ontario) may be classed as a "stratiform intrusion", whereas several peridotite-pyroxenite lenses in the pillow lavas overlying the sill have characteristics that have not been reported in previously described ultramafic bodies.The sill was intruded as a nearly horizontal, conformable sheet, 4 × 2 miles in extent. It was differentiated as crystals settled from the cooling magma to form a 1000-ft thick basal layer of peridotite overlain by 500 ft of augite pyroxenite, 700 ft of gabbro, and 200 ft of granophyric gabbro. After solidification it was folded and faulted. The sequence of cumulus minerals and the cryptic layering throughout much of the sill are consistent with fractional crystallization models based on analogous experimental data.The lenses are generally stratibound, but are locally transgressive to the volcanic country rocks. The lenses range in surface extent from [Formula: see text] mile to 200 ft × 10 ft. Compositional zoning is parallel to the contacts; pyroxene increases in amount towards both contacts, in some places to the exclusion of olivine. The pyroxene-rich marginal parts and pyroxene-rich bands within the lenses are characterized by skeletal olivine, chromite crystals, and bundles of acicular pyroxene crystals, which indicate crystallization from a supercooled liquid. This conclusion is supported by the discovery of one pyroxene-rich sample that contains a calcic clinobronzite (Wo7.2En79.3Fs13.5) mantled by a sub-calcic augite with a higher percentage of iron than the core. The lenses are thought to have been injected as a mixture of olivine crystals and pyroxene-rich liquid into the volcanic sequence when this was still accumulating. Olivine became concentrated at the center of each lens as a result of flow. Rapid chilling of the marginal liquid occurred at the time of injection, giving rise to the skeletal textures.

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  • Melts containing up to 80 per cent olivine occurred in the early history of the Earth and are no longer formed.

    “There now seems no doubt that melts containing up to 80 per cent of olivine occurred in the early history of the Earth, but are no longer formed.”

    From Speculations on the Thermal and Tectonic History of the Earth (2007) · cites this paper as Naldrett & Mason 1968

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Metadata

Authors
Naldrett, A. J., & Mason, G. D.
Venue
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Published
1968-02-01
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
111-143
ISSN
  • 0008-4077 (ISSN-L)
  • 1480-3313
DOI
10.1139/e68-012
OpenAlex
W2071946667
Cited by
55
References
0
Citations by year
2023: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
FWCI
0.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological Studies and Exploration
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
Keywords
peridotite, gabbro, pillow basalt, fractional crystallization, compositional zoning, augite, magma injection

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