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Pennate Diatom Nitzschia pungens as the Primary Source of Domoic Acid, a Toxin in Shellfish from Eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada
Abstract
An outbreak of food poisoning in Canada during autumn 1987 was traced to cultured blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the Cardigan Bay region of eastern Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.). The toxin, identified as domoic acid, had not previously been found in any shellfish and this outbreak represents the first known occurrence of human poisoning by this neurotoxin. A plankton bloom at the time of the outbreak consisted almost entirely of the pennate diatom, Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries, and a positive correlation was found between the number of N. pungens cells and the concentration of domoic acid in the plankton. Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries isolated from Cardigan Bay produced domoic acid in culture at levels (1 to 20 pg∙cell−1) comparable with values estimated for N. pungens in the plankton samples. Isolates of several Cardigan Bay phytoplankton, including the closely related species Nitzschia seriata, failed to produce domoic acid. Other Nitzschia spp. and two Amphora coffeaeformis isolates also failed to produce domoic acid. We conclude that N. pungens was the major source of the domoic acid in toxic mussels in eastern P.E.I. The recurrence, in November 1988, of a monospecific bloom of N. pungens and the presence of domoic acid in plankton and mussels reinforced this conclusion.
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Citations
Cited by
Anderson, D. M., Cembella, A. D., & Hallegraeff, G. M. (2012) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-120308-081121 · Cited by 1,165
A review of the effects of algal blooms on shellfish and aquaculture
Shumway, S. E. (1990) · Journal of the World Aquaculture Society · doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1990.tb00529.x · Cited by 717
Morton, B., & Blackmore, G. (2001) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00240-5 · Cited by 406
Domoic acid: a fascinating marine toxin
Mos, L. (2001) · Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1382-6689(00)00065-x · Cited by 129
Comparison of Diatoms and Dinoflagellates from Different Habitats as Sources of PUFAs
Peltomaa, E., Hällfors, H., & Taipale, S. J. (2019) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md17040233 · Cited by 73
Metadata
- Authors
- Bates, S. S., Bird, C. J., Freitas, A. S. W. D., Foxall, R., Gilgan, M., Hanic, L. A., Johnson, G. R., McCulloch, A. W., Odense, P., Pocklington, R., Quilliam, M. A., Sim, P. G., Smith, J. C., Rao, D. V. S., Todd, E. C. D., Walter, J. A., & Wright, J. L. C.
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 1989-07-01
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1203-1215
- ISSN
- 0706-652X (ISSN-L)
- 1205-7533
- OpenAlex
- W2054584784
- Cited by
- 634
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 16.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- The paper
- Bates, S. S., Bird, C. J., Freitas, A. S. W. D., Foxall, R., Gilgan, M., Hanic, L. A., Johnson, G. R., McCulloch, A. W., Odense, P., Pocklington, R., Quilliam, M. A., Sim, P. G., Smith, J. C., Rao, D. V. S., Todd, E. C. D., Walter, J. A., & Wright, J. L. C. (1989). Pennate Diatom Nitzschia pungens as the Primary Source of Domoic Acid, a Toxin in Shellfish from Eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1139/f89-156
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
