Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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“Lipid extraction from the liver was performed using the Bligh-Dyer method [19].”
Method
Methanogenic diversity changes in full-scale anaerobic digesters by co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge
Kim, S., Kim, E., & Hwang, S. (2022) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-022-01482-x · Cited by 15
“Lipid concentration analysis was performed by Bligh and Dyer method [17].”
Method
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Outer Membrane Vesicles Modulate Virulence of Shigella flexneri
Xerri, N. L., & Payne, S. M. (2022) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02360-22 · Cited by 14
“thetaiotaomicron lipids from either cell pellets or crude OMVs were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer (82).”
MethodInfluential
Cancer stem cells induced by chronic stimulation with prostaglandin E2 exhibited constitutively activated PI3K axis
Minematsu, H., Afify, S. M., Sugihara, Y., Hassan, G., Zahra, M. H., Seno, A., Adachi, M., & Seno, M. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19265-7 · Cited by 17
Starfish (Asterias rubens) as a New Source of Marine Lipids: Effect of Season, Size and Oil Extraction Methods
Sørensen, A. M., Getachew, A. T., & Jacobsen, C. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11192998 · Cited by 15
“Oil was extracted from the pretreated starfish and starfish meal using chloroform and methanol according to the Bligh and Dyer method [10] with a reduced amount of solvent.”
Method
Lysophospholipids–potent candidates for brain food, protects neuronal cells against α-Synuclein aggregation
Karaki, T., Haniu, H., Matsuda, Y., & Tsukahara, T. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113891 · Cited by 15
High yield production of lipid and carotenoids in a newly isolated Rhodotorula mucilaginosa by adapting process optimization approach
Gedela, R., Prabhu, A. A., Veeranki, V. D., & Kannan, P. (2022) · Biofuels · doi:10.1080/17597269.2022.2151451 · Cited by 15
A Study Exploring the Effects of Cell Disruption Techniques on Lipid Recovery in Co-cultivated Microalgae and Oleaginous Yeast
Jayakumar, T., & Rakesh, S. (2022) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-022-10557-4 · Cited by 15
Curcumin Has Beneficial Effects on Lysosomal Alpha-Galactosidase: Potential Implications for the Cure of Fabry Disease
Monticelli, M., Mele, B. H., Allocca, M., Liguori, L., Lukáš, J., Monti, M. C., Morretta, E., Cubellis, M. V., & Andreotti, G. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24021095 · Cited by 15
“The extraction was accomplished according to the protocol outlined by Bligh and Dyer [61] with a few modifications as described in [62].”
Method
Valorization of mullet roe by‐products for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids rich oils
Kalogianni, E. P., Georgiou, D., Charisis, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society · doi:10.1002/aocs.12681 · Cited by 15
Blood meal digestion and changes in lipid reserves are associated with the post-ecdysis development of the flight muscle and ovary in young adults of Rhodnius prolixus
Braz, V., Selim, L., Gomes, G., Costa, M. L., Mermelstein, C., & Gondim, K. C. (2023) · Journal of Insect Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104492 · Cited by 13
Fatty Acids Profile of Wild and Cultivar Tunisian Peanut Oilseeds (A. hypogaea L.) at Different Developmental Stages
Cherif, A. O., Pèpe, C., & Messaouda, M. B. (2023) · Journal of Oleo Science · doi:10.5650/jos.ess22400 · Cited by 15
Quantification of bulk lipid species in human platelets and their thrombin-induced release
Heimerl, S., Höring, M., Kopczynski, D., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-33076-4 · Cited by 15
Proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms of mixed wastewater with different N/P ratios affecting the growth and biochemical characteristics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Mao, X., Zhou, X., Fan, X., Jin, W., Xi, J., Tu, R., Naushad, M., Li, X., Liu, H., & Wang, Q. (2023) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129141 · Cited by 16
Evaluation of extraction methods for untargeted metabolomic studies for future applications in zebrafish larvae infection models
Schippers, P., Rasheed, S., Park, Y. M., Risch, T., Wagmann, L., Hemmer, S., Manier, S. K., Müller, R., Herrmann, J. E., & Meyer, M. R. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34593-y · Cited by 15
Lipoprotein(a) induces caspase-1 activation and IL-1 signaling in human macrophages
Lorey, M. B., Youssef, A., Äikäs, L., Borrelli, M. J., Hermansson, M., Assini, J. M., Kemppainen, A., Ruhanen, H., Ruuth, M. K., Matikainen, S., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1130162 · Cited by 18
“To this end, a lipoprotein sample corresponding to 20 μg total protein was spiked with a mixture of internal lipid standards and for lipidomics, the lipids were extracted by a modified Bligh and Dyer extraction method (39).”
Method
Kidney-Related Function of Mitochondrial Protein Mitoregulin
Averina, O. A., Permyakov, O. A., Emelianova, M. A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24109106 · Cited by 15
“Lipids extraction was performed according to the Bligh and Dyer method under a stream of nitrogen with oxygen-free solutions bubbled with N 2 [45].”
Method
Utilization of fish protein isolates to supplement oat-based cookies and assessment of end product quality
Baraiya, K. G., Bojayanaik, M., Surasani, V. K. R., Chavan, S. D., Chavan, M. R., Lende, S. R., & Shetty, V. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-27804-6 · Cited by 16
“Proximate composition, i.e., moisture, protein, fat and ash content of fish protein-supplemented cookies, was determined using standard protocols (Bligh and Dyer 1959; AOAC 2000).”
Stable isotope ecology and interspecific dietary overlap among dolphins in the Northeast Atlantic
Plint, T., ten Doeschate, M., Brownlow, A. C., Davison, N. J., Hantke, G., Kitchener, A. C., Longstaffe, F. J., McGill, R. A. R., Simon‐Nutbrown, C., & Magill, C. R. (2023) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1111295 · Cited by 18
Characterization and optimization of Rhodotorula toruloides and Ankistrodesmus falcatus co-culture in palm oil mill effluent for efficient COD removal and lipid production
Justine, I., Chin, G. J. W. L., Yong, W. T. L., & Misson, M. (2023) · Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102782 · Cited by 16
Studies on bioflocculant exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Anabaena sp. and its application as bioflocculant for low cost harvesting of Chlorella sp.
(2023) · Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology · doi:10.35495/ajab.2022.150 · Cited by 15
Metabolomic responses in freshwater benthic invertebrate, Chironomus tepperi, exposed to polyethylene microplastics: A two-generational investigation.
Lu, H., Kumar, A., Melvin, S., Ziajahromi, S., Neale, P., & Leusch, F. (2023) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132097 · Cited by 11
Outer-Membrane Vesicles of Fusobacterium necrophorum: A Proteomic, Lipidomic, and Functional Characterization
Bista, P. K., Pillai, D., & Narayanan, S. K. (2023) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms11082082 · Cited by 16
“Lipids were extracted from OMVs using the Bligh-and-Dyer method [34].”
Method
Growth Behavior, Biomass Composition and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) Production Potential of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Chlorella vulgaris Cultures
López-Pacheco, I. Y., Ayala-Moreno, V. G., Mejia-Melara, C. A., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, J., Cuéllar‐Bermúdez, S. P., González-González, R. B., Coronado-Apodaca, K. G., Cabrera, L. I. F., González-Meza, G. M., Iqbal, H. M. N., et al. (2023) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md21080450 · Cited by 17
Infant formula containing large, milk phospholipid-coated lipid droplets and dairy lipids affects cognitive performance at school age
Schipper, L., Bartke, N., Marintcheva-Petrova, M., Schoen, S., Vandenplas, Y., & Hokken‐Koelega, A. C. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1215199 · Cited by 16
Fetal sex differences in placental LCPUFA ether and plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine contents in pregnancies complicated by obesity
Powell, T. L., Uhlson, C. L., Madi, L., Berry, K. A. Z., Chassen, S. S., Jansson, T., & Ferchaud‐Roucher, V. (2023) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-023-00548-1 · Cited by 18
Structural characterization of human urea transporters UT-A and UT-B and their inhibition
Chi, G., Dietz, L., Tang, H., Snee, M., Scacioc, A., Wang, D., McKinley, G., Mukhopadhyay, S. M. M., Pike, A. C. W., Chalk, R., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg8229 · Cited by 17
“The bound lipids of Hs UT-B samples were extracted by chloroform-methanol (2:1, v/v) as described previously ( 59 ) and dried using a speedVac vacuum concentrator (Thermo Fisher Scientific).”
Low-Toxicity Solvents for the Extraction of Valuable Lipid Compounds from Octopus (Octopus vulgaris) Waste
Méndez, L., Rodrı́guez, A., Aubourg, S. P., & Medina, I. (2023) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods12193631 · Cited by 15

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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