Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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Method
EPIP-Evoked Modifications of Redox, Lipid, and Pectin Homeostasis in the Abscission Zone of Lupine Flowers
Wilmowicz, E., Kućko, A., Pokora, W., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22063001 · Cited by 15
“Total lipids were extracted according to a modified method of Bligh and Dyer [103].”
Method
Flood Pulse Irrigation of Meadows Shapes Soil Chemical and Microbial Parameters More Than Mineral Fertilization
Kenngott, K. G. J., Riess, K., Muñoz, K., Schaumann, G. E., Buhk, C., & Diehl, D. (2021) · Soil Systems · doi:10.3390/soilsystems5020024 · Cited by 17
“The extraction was performed in accordance with Bligh and Dyer [22] and White et al.”
Method
Oligonucleotide Delivery across the Caco-2 Monolayer: The Design and Evaluation of Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS)
Kubackova, J., Holas, O., Zbytovská, J., et al. (2021) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13040459 · Cited by 15
“First, complexes of a cationic lipid and 20-mer fluorescently labeled OND were prepared using the Bligh–Dyer method [23,33].”
Method
Rhodophyta, Ochrophyta and Chlorophyta macroalgae from different sub-Antarctic regions (Chile) and their potential for polyunsaturated fatty acids
dos Santos, M. A. Z., Berneira, L. M., Goulart, N. L., Mansilla, A., Astorga‐España, M. S., & de Pereira, C. M. P. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Botânica · doi:10.1007/s40415-021-00712-0 · Cited by 15
Analysis of the effect of sugars and organic acids on the ice melting behavior of pitanga and araza pulp by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
Sviech, F., Ubbink, J., & Prata, A. S. (2021) · Thermochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.tca.2021.178934 · Cited by 15
Higher n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diet Improves Long-Term Neuropathological and Functional Outcome after Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Desai, A., Chen, H., Kevala, K., et al. (2021) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2021.0096 · Cited by 15
“Lipids were extracted from RBCs or cortical tissues according to the method of Bligh and Dyer, 22 and the fatty acid proﬁle was determined by gas chromatography after transmethylation as described previously.”
Lipid oxidation and sensory characterization of Omega-3 rich buffalo burgers enriched with chlorogenic acids from the mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tree harvesting residues
Heck, R. T., da Rosa, J. L., Vendruscolo, R. G., et al. (2021) · Meat Science · doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108534 · Cited by 15
Assessment of the lipid production potential of six benthic diatom species grown in airlift photobioreactors
Cointet, E., Séverin, E., Couzinet‐Mossion, A., Méléder, V., Gonçalves, O., & Wielgosz‐Collin, G. (2021) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-021-02490-4 · Cited by 16
“Total lipids were extracted using a modified method of Bligh and Dyer (1959).”
Method
Involvement of acid ceramidase in the degradation of bioactive N-acylethanolamines
Tsuboi, K., Tai, T., Yamashita, R., Ali, H., Watanabe, T., Uyama, T., Okamoto, Y., Kitakaze, K., Takenouchi, Y., Go, S., et al. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158972 · Cited by 16
Large-scale lipidomic profiling identifies novel potential biomarkers for prion diseases and highlights lipid raft-related pathways
Kim, Y., Lee, J., Lee, D., & Jeong, B. (2021) · Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s13567-021-00975-1 · Cited by 16
Iron insufficiency in floral buds impairs pollen development by disrupting tapetum function
Huang, T., & Suen, D. (2021) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.15438 · Cited by 18
“Lipids were extracted as described in a previous study (Bligh and Dyer, 1959).”
Method
Involvement of the γ Isoform of cPLA2 in the Biosynthesis of Bioactive N-Acylethanolamines
Guo, Y., Uyama, T., Rahman, S. M. K., Sikder, M. M., Hussain, Z., Tsuboi, K., Miyake, M., & Ueda, N. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26175213 · Cited by 15
“After further incubation at 37 ◦C for 30 min, total lipids were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer [24], spotted on a silica gel thin-layer plate (20 cm height), and developed at 4 ◦C for 90 min with a mixture of chloroform/methanol/28% ammonium hydroxide (80:20:2, by vol.).”
Method
Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Ethyl Esters Influence the Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Metabolites in Rats
Hosomi, R., Matsudo, A., Sugimoto, K., Shimono, T., Kanda, S., Nishiyama, T., Yoshida, M., & Fukunaga, K. (2021) · Journal of Oleo Science · doi:10.5650/jos.ess21189 · Cited by 15
Comparative Fatty Acid Profiling of Edible Fishes in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Tramice, A., Trifuoggi, M., Ahmad, M. F., Lam, S. S., Iodice, C., Velotto, G., Giarra, A., Inglese, S., Cupo, A., Guerriero, G., et al. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10102456 · Cited by 14
“Lipids were extracted by following the modified Bligh and Dyer [47] method.”
Method
Partial Replacement of Dietary Fat with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Attenuates the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatic Inflammation in Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet
Son, H., Xiang, H., Park, S., Lee, J., Lee, J., Jung, S., & Ha, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182010986 · Cited by 14
“Hepatic and epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) lipids were extracted using the method described by Bligh and Dyer methods [38], with slight modifications.”
Method
Recombinant and endogenous ways to produce methylated phospholipids in Escherichia coli
Kleetz, J., Vasilopoulos, G., Czolkoss, S., et al. (2021) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11654-8 · Cited by 15
The Role of Cannabinoids in Bone Metabolism: A New Perspective for Bone Disorders
Saponaro, F., Ferrisi, R., Gado, F., Polini, B., Saba, A., Manera, C., & Chiellini, G. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222212374 · Cited by 17
Mathematical modeling and thermodynamic properties in the drying of citron watermelon seeds
Leite, D. D. D. F., Queiroz, A. J. D. M., de Figueirêdo, R. M. F., et al. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental · doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n1p67-74 · Cited by 15
“Lipid concentration was determined by extraction with cold solvent mixture, according to the method described by Bligh & Dyer (1959).”
Bioprospecting lipid-producing microorganisms: From metagenomic-assisted isolation techniques to industrial application and innovations
Soccol, C. R., Colonia, B. S. O., Pereira, G. V. D. M., Goyzueta-Mamani, L. D., Karp, S. G., Thomaz‐Soccol, V., Penha, R. D. O., Neto, C. J. D., & de Carvalho, J. C. (2021) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126455 · Cited by 17
Rapid Differentiation of Unfrozen and Frozen-Thawed Tuna with Non-Destructive Methods and Classification Models: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) and Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)
Nieto‐Ortega, S., Melado-Herreros, Á., Foti, G., Olabarrieta, I., Ramilo-Fernández, G., Sotelo, C. G., Teixeira, B., Velasco, A., & Mendes, R. O. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11010055 · Cited by 17
Effect of Nitrogen Concentration on the Alkalophilic Microalga Nitzschia sp. NW129-a Promising Feedstock for the Integrated Production of Lipids and Fucoxanthin in Biorefinery
Cao, Z., Shen, X., Wang, X., Zhu, B., Pan, K., & Li, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.830590 · Cited by 15
“Lipids were extracted according to a modified method described by Bligh and Dyer (1959).”
Method
Nutrient acclimation in benthic diatoms with adaptive laboratory evolution
Saxena, A., Mishra, B., Sindhu, R., Binod, P., & Tiwari, A. (2022) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126955 · Cited by 15
Physicochemical composition and antioxidants of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa Linn. F.) – pulp and sweet
do Nascimento-Silva, N. R. R., da Silva, F. A., & Silva, M. R. (2020) · Journal of bioenergy and Food Science · doi:10.18067/jbfs.v7i1.279 · Cited by 15
Brassinosteroid-lipid membrane interaction under low and high temperature stress in model systems
Rudolphi-Skórska, E., Dyba, B., Janeczko, A., et al. (2022) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-022-03619-4 · Cited by 15
Fine-tuning acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 activity through localization: functional genomics reveals a role for the lysine acetyltransferase NuA4 and sphingolipid metabolism in regulating Acc1 activity and localization
Pham, T. T., Walden, E. A., Huard, S., Pezacki, J. P., Fullerton, M. D., & Baetz, K. (2022) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/iyac086 · Cited by 15
Microdomain Protein Nce102 Is a Local Sensor of Plasma Membrane Sphingolipid Balance
Zahumenský, J., Fernandes, C. M., Veselá, P., Poeta, M. D., Konopka, J. B., & Malínský, J. (2022) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.01961-22 · Cited by 15
“Mandala extraction was carried out as described previously (99), followed by Bligh and Dyer extraction (100).”
Method
N-3 PUFA Deficiency Aggravates Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Injury in Mice but Dietary Supplementation with DHA/EPA Protects the Pancreas via Suppressing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis
Zou, H.-Y., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Li, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., & Xue, C. (2023) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md21010039 · Cited by 17
“Total lipid extraction of the pancreas was performed with chloroform and methanol, according to the general method of Bligh/Dyer [44].”
Method
PPARα activation partially drives NAFLD development in liver-specific Hnf4a-null mice
Kasano-Camones, C. I., Takizawa, M., Ohshima, N., Saito, C., Iwasaki, W., Nakagawa, Y., Fujitani, Y., Yoshida, R., Saito, Y., Izumi, T., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1093/jb/mvad005 · Cited by 15
Fatty Acid Composition of Mitochondrial Membrane Lipids in Cultivated (Zea mays) and Wild (Elymus sibiricus) Grasses
Makarenko, S. P., Konstantinov, Y. M., Khotimchenko, S. V., et al. (2003) · Russian Journal of Plant Physiology · doi:10.1023/a:1024716606132 · Cited by 15
Lipidomics in diagnosis of lipidoses
Wolf, C., & Quinn, P. J. (2008) · Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8831-5_22 · Cited by 15

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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