Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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“Bacterial biomass was quantified through phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) extracted from 0.5 g freeze-dried subsample, by using the method described in Bligh and Dyer (1959) (Bligh and Dyer, 1959) and modified by Buyer et al. (2012) (Buyer and Sasser, 2012).”
MethodInfluential
Triacylglycerols and Polar Lipids in Cow and Goat Milk are Differentially Affected by Various Lipid Supplemented Diets
Fougere, H., Delavaud, C., Faouder, P. L., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/ejlt.202100009 · Cited by 11
Towards Accelerated Autolysis? Dynamics of Phenolics, Proteins, Amino Acids and Lipids in Response to Novel Treatments and during Ageing of Sparkling Wine
Gnoinski, G. B., Close, D. C., Schmidt, S. A., et al. (2021) · Beverages · doi:10.3390/beverages7030050 · Cited by 11
“Sample preparation for the analysis of lipids in sparkling wines involved a liquidliquid extraction on a concentrated wine sample using a modified protocol from Bligh and Dryer [54].”
Method
Improving squalene production by blocking the competitive branched pathways and expressing rate‐limiting enzymes in Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Xu, W., Wang, D., Fan, J., Zhang, L., Ma, X., Yao, J., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/bab.2222 · Cited by 11
Pseudomonas capsici sp. nov., a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pepper leaf in Georgia, USA
Zhao, M., Koirala, S., Chen, H.-C., et al. (2021) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004971 · Cited by 11
Effects of cooking over the stability of fatty acids as bioactive compounds in enriched pasta with a fish by‐product
Aínsa, A., Iranzo, L., Honrado, A., Marquina, P. L., Roncalés, P., Beltrán, J. A., & Calanche, J. (2021) · Cereal Chemistry · doi:10.1002/cche.10481 · Cited by 11
Lipid Droplet Proteins in Acne Skin: A Sound Target for the Maintenance of Low Comedogenic Sebum and Acne-Prone Skin Health
Sorg, O., Nocera, T., Fontao, F., Castex‐Rizzi, N., Garidou, L., Lauze, C., Digabel, J. L., Josse, G., & Saurat, J. ‐. (2021) · JID Innovations · doi:10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100057 · Cited by 11
“Comedones were collected, and lipids were extracted according to the Bligh and Dyer extraction on the basis of a mixture of chloroform/methanol (Bligh and Dyer, 1959).”
Method
Characterization and application of Croton blanchetianus Baill extract for lamb ribs preservation
de Figueiredo, M. J., Grisi, C. V. B., Santiago, Â. M., et al. (2021) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131404 · Cited by 11
Towards a sustainable approach for the development of biodiesel microalgae, Closterium sp.
Saetang, N., & Tipnee, S. (2021) · Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication · doi:10.54279/mijeec.v3i1.245114 · Cited by 11
Membrane Homeoviscous Adaptation in Sinorhizobium Submitted to a Stressful Thermal Cycle Contributes to the Maintenance of the Symbiotic Plant–Bacteria Interaction
Paulucci, N. S., Cesari, A. B., Biasutti, M. A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.652477 · Cited by 11
“The lower phase enriched in phospholipids was dried under a stream of N2 and dissolved in an appropriate volume of 2:1 (v/v) chloroform/methanol (Bligh and Dyer, 1959).”
Method
Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling of a Novel Isolate Chlorella sorokiniana G32 (Chlorophyta) Displaying Enhanced Starch Accumulation at High Growth Rate Under Mixotrophic Condition
Zhu, Q., Zhang, M., Liu, B., Wen, F., Yang, Z., & Liu, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.760307 · Cited by 13
“Total lipid was extracted with methanol/chloroform (2:1 v/v) solution based on a method by Bligh and Dyer (1959) and was quantified via gravimetric analysis after evaporation of solvents.”
Method
Microalgae-based circular economy approach to upcycle fire extinguisher powder waste
Nwoba, E. G., & Moheimani, N. R. (2022) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106210 · Cited by 11
Arthrobacter wenxiniae sp. nov., a novel plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria species harbouring a carotenoids biosynthetic gene cluster
Sun, Y., Sun, P., Xue, J., et al. (2022) · Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · doi:10.1007/s10482-021-01701-9 · Cited by 11
“Polar lipids were extracted according to the method of Bligh and Dyer (1959).”
Method
Recovery of Functional Proteins from Pig Brain Using pH-Shift Processes
Chanted, J., Panpipat, W., Cheong, L., et al. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11050695 · Cited by 11
“Determination of Total Lipid, Phospholipid, and Haem Protein Contents Bligh and Dyer’s method [20] was utilised to extract lipid from the PPI and recorded as g/100 g PPI.”
Method
Dual-stage biorefinery to convert spentwash hydrolysate into oleochemicals using Trichosporon cutaneum and Yarrowia lipolytica
Sreeharsha, R. V., Tejaswini, G. S., & Mohan, S. V. (2022) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127146 · Cited by 11
Dried and Fermented Powders of Edible Algae (Neopyropia yezoensis) Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis in Obese Mice
Nagao, K., Inoue, N., Tsuge, K., Oikawa, A., Kayashima, T., & Yanagita, T. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27092640 · Cited by 11
Characterization of storage stability of microalgal biomass for its applications as protein feed ingredients in animal and aquafeeds
Waghmare, A. G., Chugh, N., Sagaram, U. S., Arun, S., Menon, D., Subhash, G. V., Nagle, V. L., Dattaroy, T., & Dasgupta, S. (2022) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115323 · Cited by 13
Non-contiguous finished genome sequence and description of Kurthia senegalensis sp. nov.
Roux, V., Lagier, J., Gorlas, A., et al. (2014) · Standards in Genomic Sciences · doi:10.4056/sigs.5078947 · Cited by 11
Conception of an environmental friendly O/W cosmetic emulsion from microalgae
Dammak, M., Hlima, H. B., Smaoui, S., Fendri, I., Michaud, P., Ayadi, M. A., & Abdelkafi, S. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20824-8 · Cited by 11
“The texture parameters (firmness, hardness (N), stiffness (N·s−1), springiness (cm), and cohesiveness) were calculated as described by Bourne (1978).”
Method
Identification of the antibacterial action mechanism of diterpenoids through transcriptome profiling
Moon, K., Hwang, S., Lee, H., Jo, E., Kim, J. N., & Cha, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.945023 · Cited by 11
“Total lipid extraction was conducted using the Bligh and Dyer method (Bligh and Dyer, 1959).”
Method
Anti-inflammatory effects of neutral lipids, glycolipids, phospholipids from Halocynthia aurantium tunic by suppressing the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages
Jang, A.-Y., Rod–in, W., Monmai, C., Choi, G. S., & Park, W. J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270794 · Cited by 10
A re-calibration procedure for interoperable lipid collision cross section values measured by traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry
George, A. C., Schmitz‐Afonso, I., Marie, V., et al. (2022) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2022.340236 · Cited by 11
Effects of Production Systems and Seasons on Retail-Goat-Milk Fatty-Acid Composition and Nutritional Indices in Greece
Kasapidou, E., Karatzia, M.-A., Mitlianga, P. G., & Basdagianni, Z. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12172204 · Cited by 11
“Milk samples were thawed overnight at 4 ◦C, and the following day, milk lipids were extracted with a chloroform/methanol solution (1:2 v/v) according to the method by Bligh and Dyer [13].”
Method
MlaC belongs to a unique class of non-canonical substrate-binding proteins and follows a novel phospholipid-binding mechanism
Dutta, A., & Kanaujia, S. P. (2022) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107896 · Cited by 11
Anaeromyxobacter oryzae sp. nov., Anaeromyxobacter diazotrophicus sp. nov. and Anaeromyxobacter paludicola sp. nov., isolated from paddy soils
Itoh, H., Xu, Z., Mise, K., et al. (2022) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005546 · Cited by 11
Multi-dietary tracer approach reveals little overlap in foraging ecology between seasonally sympatric ringed and harp seals in the high Arctic
Desforges, J.-P. W., Kohlbach, D., Carlyle, C. G., Michel, C., Loseto, L. L., Rosenberg, B., Yurkowski, D. J., & Ferguson, S. H. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.969327 · Cited by 12
Deletion of Jazf1 gene causes early growth retardation and insulin resistance in mice
Lee, H., Jang, H. R., Li, H., Samuel, V. T., Dudek, K. D., Osipovich, A. B., Magnuson, M. A., Sklar, J., & Shulman, G. I. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2213628119 · Cited by 12
“Tissue triglyceride was extracted using the method of Bligh and Dyer (60) and measured using a DCL triglyceride reagent (Diagnostic Chemicals Ltd, Oxford, Connecticut, USA).”
Method
Persistent Organic Pollutants and Fatty Acid Profile in a Typical Cheese from Extensive Farms: First Assessment of Human Exposure by Dietary Intake
Giosuè, C., D’Agostino, F., Maniaci, G., Avellone, G., Sciortino, M., De, V., Bonanno, A., Ponte, M., Alabiso, M., & Grigoli, A. D. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12243476 · Cited by 12
“• lipids extraction following the Bligh and Dyer method [45]; • lipids hydrolyzation with alkaline solution 6M (KOH in water) at 80 ◦C in an oven overnight, and recover the not-hydrolysable contaminants (PAH, PCB, PBDE) by liquid–liquid extraction using dichloromethane (DCM); • samples cleaning up using a Florisil SPE…”
Method
Tumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages exacerbate antidrug IgG-mediated anaphylactic reaction against an immune checkpoint inhibitor
Arai, T., Kokubo, T., Tang, R., Abo, H., Terui, A., Hirakawa, J., Akita, H., Kawashima, H., Hisaka, A., & Hatakeyama, H. (2022) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-005657 · Cited by 13
Description and Genomic Characterization of Oceaniferula flavus sp. nov., a Novel Potential Polysaccharide-Degrading Candidate of the Difficult-to-Cultivate Phylum Verrucomicrobiota Isolated from Seaweed
Ye, M.-Q., Jin, C.-B., Liu, X., Tan, X.-Y., Ye, Y.-Q., & Du, Z. (2022) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md21010031 · Cited by 12

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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