The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Proofs that yield nothing but their validity or all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proof systems
Abstract
In this paper the generality and wide applicability of Zero-knowledge proofs, a notion introduced by Goldwasser, Micali, and Rackoff is demonstrated. These are probabilistic and interactive proofs that, for the members of a language, efficiently demonstrate membership in the language without conveying any additional knowledge. All previously known zero-knowledge proofs were only for number-theoretic languages in NP fl CONP. Under the assumption that secure encryption functions exist or by using "physical means for hiding information," it is shown that all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proofs. Loosely speaking, it is possible to demonstrate that a CNF formula is satisfiable without revealing any other property of the formula, in particular, without yielding neither a
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Citations
Cites
Shamir, A. (1979) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/359168.359176 · Cited by 13,756
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A., & Adleman, L. (1978) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/359340.359342 · Cited by 13,462
The complexity of theorem-proving procedures
Cook, S. A. (1971) · Proceedings of the third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '71 · doi:10.1145/800157.805047 · Cited by 6,385
Goldreich, O., Micali, S., & Wigderson, A. (1987) · Proceedings of the nineteenth annual ACM conference on Theory of computing - STOC '87 · doi:10.1145/28395.28420 · Cited by 3,590
Self-citation
Cited by
Lossy Trapdoor Functions and Their Applications
Peikert, C., & Waters, B. (2011) · SIAM Journal on Computing · doi:10.1137/080733954 · Cited by 649
Micali, S. (2000) · SIAM Journal on Computing · doi:10.1137/s0097539795284959 · Cited by 424
Self-citationGraph Nonisomorphism Has Subexponential Size Proofs Unless the Polynomial-Time Hierarchy Collapses
Klivans, A. R., & van Melkebeek, D. (2002) · SIAM Journal on Computing · doi:10.1137/s0097539700389652 · Cited by 270
Doubly-Efficient zkSNARKs Without Trusted Setup
Wahby, R. S., Tzialla, I., Shelat, A., Thaler, J., & Walfish, M. (2018) · 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP) · doi:10.1109/sp.2018.00060 · Cited by 276
The Relationship Between Password-Authenticated Key Exchange and Other Cryptographic Primitives
Nguyen, M.-H. (2005) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-30576-7_25 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Goldreich, O., Micali, S., & Wigderson, A.
- Venue
- Journal of the ACM
- Published
- 1991-07
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 690-728
- ISSN
- 0004-5411 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-735X
- OpenAlex
- W2011112377
- Cited by
- 1,349
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 10.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Proofs that yield nothing but their validity or all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proof systems. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/116825.116852
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- Goldreich, O., Micali, S., & Wigderson, A. (1991). Proofs that yield nothing but their validity or all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proof systems. Journal of the ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/116825.116852
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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