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Debunking the 100X GPU vs. CPU myth: an evaluation of throughput computing on CPU and GPU
Abstract
Recent advances in computing have led to an explosion in the amount of data being generated. Processing the ever-growing data in a timely manner has made throughput computing an important aspect for emerging applications. Our analysis of a set of important throughput computing kernels shows that there is an ample amount of parallelism in these kernels which makes them suitable for today's multi-core CPUs and GPUs. In the past few years there have been many studies claiming GPUs deliver substantial speedups (between 10X and 1000X) over multi-core CPUs on these kernels. To understand where such large performance difference comes from, we perform a rigorous performance analysis and find that after applying optimizations appropriate for both CPUs and GPUs the performance gap between an Nvidia GTX280 processor and the Intel Core i7-960 processor narrows to only 2.5x on average. In this paper, we discuss optimization techniques for both CPU and GPU, analyze what architecture features contributed to performance differences between the two architectures, and recommend a set of architectural features which provide significant improvement in architectural efficiency for throughput kernels.
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Several initial works report GPUs provide up to 100× to 1000× speedup; other researchers claim that on applying careful optimizations on both CPUs and GPUs, CPUs may equal or even outperform GPUs.
“Further, while several initial works report that GPUs provide up to 100× to 1000× speedup, other researchers claim that on applying careful optimizations on both CPUs and GPUs; CPUs may equal or even outperform the performance of GPUs [Gummaraju et al. 2010;Lee et al. 2010].”
From A Survey of CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Techniques (2015) · cites this paper as Lee et al. 2010
The limited bandwidth of PCIe has conventionally remained a bottleneck in GPU performance, especially for applications which transfer large amount of data between CPU and GPU.
“The limited bandwidth of PCIe has conventionally remained a bottleneck in GPU performance, especially for applications which transfer large amount of data between CPU and GPU [Gregg and Hazelwood 2011;Lee et al. 2010].”
From A Survey of CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Techniques (2015) · cites this paper as Lee et al. 2010
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Williams, S., Waterman, A., & Patterson, D. A. (2009) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/1498765.1498785 · Cited by 2,798
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A Survey of CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Techniques
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, V. W., Kim, C., Chhugani, J., Deisher, M., Kim, D., Nguyen, A. D., Satish, N., Smelyanskiy, M., Chennupaty, S., Hammarlund, P., Singhal, R., & Dubey, P.
- Affiliations
- Intel (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2010-06-19
- Pages
- 451-460
- ISSN
- 1063-6897 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2159481344
- Cited by
- 640
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 98
- FWCI
- 50.15
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Proceedings - International Symposium on Computer Architecture/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design › Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Keywords
- parallelism, multi-core processors, GPU acceleration, performance optimization, performance evaluation
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