The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Personalized input: improving ten-finger touchscreen typing through automatic adaptation
Abstract
Although typing on touchscreens is slower than typing on physical keyboards, touchscreens offer a critical potential advantage: they are software-based, and, as such, the keyboard layout and classification models used to interpret key presses can dynamically adapt to suit each user's typing pattern. To explore this potential, we introduce and evaluate two novel personalized keyboard interfaces, both of which adapt their underlying key-press classification models. The first keyboard also visually adapts the location of keys while the second one always maintains a visually stable rectangular layout. A three-session user evaluation showed that the keyboard with the stable rectangular layout significantly improved typing speed compared to a control condition with no personalization. Although no similar benefit was found for the keyboard that also offered visual adaptation, overall subjective response to both new touchscreen keyboards was positive. As personalized keyboards are still an emerging area of research, we also outline a design space that includes dimensions of adaptation and key-press classification features.
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“We join Bennett, Das, and collaborators in suggesting that advocacy is integral to creating access by shining the light on the understated work done by people with disabilities to create and facilitate access [6,15].”
From Advocacy as Access Work: How People with Visual Impairments Gain Access to Digital Banking in India (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Thus, we contribute the novel dimension of demonstrating competence in addition to confirming prior research showing that the work of self-advocacy involves creating awareness [15,60], escalation [3,37], and gathering support [3,37].”
From Advocacy as Access Work: How People with Visual Impairments Gain Access to Digital Banking in India (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
Citations
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- 10.5555/1776994.1777055 · DOI
- Langendorf , D. J. : Textware solution's Fitaly keyboard v1.0 easing the burden of keyboard input . WinCELair Review , February 1998 . Langendorf, D. J.: Textware solution's Fitaly keyboard v1.0 easing the burden of keyboard input. WinCELair Review, February 1998.
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Items 101–107 of 107
Tap Model to Improve Input Accuracy of Touch Panels
Tani, T., & Yamada, S. (2013) · Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (TAAI) · doi:10.1109/taai.2013.60
Teaching of keyboarding in the IT/CAT laboratory
Lubbe, E. (2022) · African Sun Media eBooks · doi:10.52779/9781991201799/11
SmartKB: Morphologically Adaptive Virtual Keyboard in VR Based on Multimodal Character PredictionPreprint
Chen, L., Chen, H., Li, H., & Wu, M. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7019957/v1
XAIUI: User Belief-Driven Explainable AI for Context-Aware Adaptive Interfaces
Langerak, T., Todi, K., Lafreniere, B., Desai, R., & Jonker, T. R. (2025) · ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1145/3774657 · Cited by 3
KeySense: LLM-Powered Hands-Down, Ten-Finger Typing on Commodity Touchscreens
Li, T., Ma, Y., Li, Z., Yu, C., Ramakrishnan, I. V., & Bi, X. (2026) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3772318.3790964
Gaze-Aware Voronoi-Based Key Region Optimization for Virtual Reality Text Input
Du, P., Liu, P., & Go, K. (2026) · Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-22500-9_21
Arias-Flores, H., Piedra, M., Zapata, M., Proaño, A. R., & Palacio-Fierro, A. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-29653-5_1
Metadata
- Authors
- Findlater, L., & Wobbrock, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2012-05-05
- Pages
- 815-824
- OpenAlex
- W2118711147
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 9.66
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Interactive and Immersive Displays
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › User Authentication and Security Systems
- Keywords
- touchscreen keyboards, typing speed, user personalization, design space exploration
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