Cited by 422Distributed and Parallel Computing SystemsCloud Computing and Resource ManagementParallel Computing and Optimization Techniques

Multi-resource packing for cluster schedulers

Open access
Grandl, Robert, Ananthanarayanan, Ganesh, Kandula, Srikanth, Rao, Sriram, Akella, Aditya·2014·Proceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM

Abstract

Tasks in modern data parallel clusters have highly diverse resource requirements, along CPU, memory, disk and network. Any of these resources may become bottlenecks and hence, the likelihood of wasting resources due to fragmentation is now larger. Today's schedulers do not explicitly reduce fragmentation. Worse, since they only allocate cores and memory, the resources that they ignore (disk and network) can be over-allocated leading to interference, failures and hogging of cores or memory that could have been used by other tasks. We present Tetris, a cluster scheduler that packs, i.e., matches multi-resource task requirements with resource availabilities of machines so as to increase cluster efficiency (makespan). Further, Tetris uses an analog of shortest-running-time-first to trade-off cluster efficiency for speeding up individual jobs. Tetris' packing heuristics seamlessly work alongside a large class of fairness policies. Trace-driven simulations and deployment of our prototype on a 250 node cluster shows median gains of 30% in job completion time while achieving nearly perfect fairness.

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Crossref · 10.1145/2619239.2626334

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  • Borg [25], the Kubernetes lineage [52], Tetris [26], Hawk [27], and Sparrow [28] pack stateless jobs; Gaia [22] optimizes geo-distributed training.

    “Borg [25], the Kubernetes lineage [52], Tetris [26], Hawk [27], and Sparrow [28] pack stateless jobs; Gaia [22] optimizes geo-distributed training .”

    From Janus: Joint Prefill/Decode Disaggregation with KV-Cache-Aware Multi-Cloud Routing for Edge-Adjacent LLM Serving (2026) · cites this paper as [26]

    The Introduction describes Tetris as a scheduler that packs tasks onto machines, and §4.4 describes its integration with Apache YARN for data-parallel jobs. The cited paper does not characterize those jobs as stateless, so it supports the packing claim but not that qualification. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. S. Gulwani et al. SPEED: Precise And Efficient Static Estimation Of Program Computational Complexity. In POPL, 2009.
  2. M. Isard et al. Dryad: Distributed Data-Parallel Programs From Sequential Building Blocks. In EuroSys, 2007.
  3. M. Isard et al. Quincy: Fair Scheduling For Distributed Computing Clusters. In SOSP, 2009.
  4. A. usoo et al. Hive: A Warehousing Solution Over A Map-Reduce Framework. Proc. VLDB Endow., 2009.

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Authors
Grandl, R., Ananthanarayanan, G., Kandula, S., Rao, S., & Akella, A.
Affiliations
Microsoft (United States) (US)
Venue
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM
Publisher
ACM
Published
2014-08-17
Pages
455-466
OpenAlex
W2133569115
Cited by
421
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 2
FWCI
28.55
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Locations
ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (1302041, 1139158, 1040757)
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cloud Computing and Resource Management
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
Keywords
cluster scheduling, resource fragmentation, makespan, job completion time

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