MixedNotes: a digital tool to prepare physical notes for affinity diagramming
Abstract
Affinity Diagramming is a technique to organize and make sense of qualitative data. It is commonly used in Contextual Design and HCI research. However, preparing notes for and building an Affinity Diagram remains a laborious process, with a wide variety of different approaches and practices. In this paper, we present MixedNotes, a novel technique to prepare physical paper notes for Affinity Diagramming, and a software tool to support this technique. The technique has been tested with large real-life Affinity Diagrams with overall positive results.
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The qualitative analysis used inductive coding, affinity diagramming, and a peer debriefing process in which a second researcher analyzed two transcripts and discrepancies were resolved to reach a final code book.
“For qualitative analysis, we applied inductive coding [14] to identify themes in participants' open-ended responses. As part of this process, we used affinity diagramming [35] to organize insights and develop inductive codes from transcript data. One researcher conducted an initial round of coding, followed by a peer debriefing process [75] in which another researcher used the code book to analyze”
From From Screen Reading to "Scene Reading" in SceneVR: Touch-Based Interaction Techniques for Use in Virtual Reality by Blind and Low-Vision Users (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
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Using Affinity Diagrams to Evaluate Interactive Prototypes
Lucero, A. (2015) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22668-2_19 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Self-citationKneitmix, M. J., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2025) · Proceedings of the 27th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/3663547.3746364 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jokela, T., & Lucero, A.
- Affiliations
- Nokia (Finland) (FI)
- Nokia Research Center, FL, Tampere, Finland and University of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 18th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Media Business, Management, Content & Services
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2014-11-04
- Pages
- 3-6
- OpenAlex
- W2013080173
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.26
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Academic Mindtrek Conference (Mindtrek) (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Data Visualization and Analytics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Design Education and Practice
- Keywords
- affinity diagramming, software tools, contextual design, human-computer interaction research
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