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Coverage-based Greybox Fuzzing as Markov Chain
Abstract
Coverage-based Greybox Fuzzing (CGF) is a random testing approach that requires no program analysis. A new test is generated by slightly mutating a seed input. If the test exercises a new and interesting path, it is added to the set of seeds; otherwise, it is discarded. We observe that most tests exercise the same few "high-frequency" paths and develop strategies to explore significantly more paths with the same number of tests by gravitating towards low-frequency paths. We explain the challenges and opportunities of CGF using a Markov chain model which specifies the probability that fuzzing the seed that exercises path i generates an input that exercises path j. Each state (i.e., seed) has an energy that specifies the number of inputs to be generated from that seed. We show that CGF is considerably more efficient if energy is inversely proportional to the density of the stationary distribution and increases monotonically every time that seed is chosen. Energy is controlled with a power schedule.
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Cites
The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine
Brin, S., & Page, L. (1998) · Computer Networks and ISDN Systems · doi:10.1016/s0169-7552(98)00110-x · Cited by 16,004
Cited by
Böhme, M., Pham, V.-T., Nguyen, M.-D., & Roychoudhury, A. (2017) · Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security · doi:10.1145/3133956.3134020 · Cited by 747
Self-citation(2021) · doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2946563 · Cited by 574
FairFuzz: a targeted mutation strategy for increasing greybox fuzz testing coverage
Lemieux, C., & Sen, K. (2018) · Proceedings of the 33rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering · doi:10.1145/3238147.3238176 · Cited by 477
DeepHunter: a coverage-guided fuzz testing framework for deep neural networks
Xie, X., Ma, L., Juefei-Xu, F., Xue, M., Chen, H., Liu, Y., Zhao, J., Li, B., Yin, J., & See, S. (2019) · Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis · doi:10.1145/3293882.3330579 · Cited by 426
Fuzzing deep-learning libraries via automated relational API inference
Deng, Y., Yang, C., Wei, A., & Zhang, L. (2022) · Proceedings of the 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering · doi:10.1145/3540250.3549085 · Cited by 86
Metadata
- Authors
- Böhme, M., Pham, V.-T., & Roychoudhury, A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2016-10-24
- Pages
- 1032-1043
- OpenAlex
- W2535617737
- Cited by
- 649
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 40.35
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Böhme, M., Pham, V.-T., & Roychoudhury, A. (2016). Coverage-based Greybox Fuzzing as Markov Chain. Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978428
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