A Comprehensive Survey of Privacy-preserving Federated Learning: A Taxonomy, Review, and Future Directions

Cited by (640)

Items 401–500 of 640

1. Machine Learning for Privacy Auditing: A Comprehensive Review
   Prateik Mahendra · 2025 · International Journal of Computer Applications
2. Active Attribute Inference Against Well-Generalized Models In Federated Learning
   Catarina Gomes, Ricardo Mendes, João P. Vilela · 2025 · IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy
3. Federated Capsule Graph Neural Networks With Enhanced Privacy Protection
   Wennan Wang, Zijie Pan, Jinliang Wang, Tuli Chen, Fu Luo, Yajie Wang, Chuan Zhang · 2025 · IEEE Internet of Things Journal
4. FedDeepInsight—A privacy-first federated learning architecture for medical data
   Allan G. Duah, Roland V. Bumbuc, H. Ibrahim Korkmaz, Rory Wilding, Vivek M. Sheraton · 2025 · Informatics in Medicine Unlocked
5. Private Aggregation for Byzantine-Resilient Heterogeneous Federated Learning
   Maximilian Egger, Rawad Bitar · 2025 · IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW)
6. Model elasticity for hardware heterogeneity in federated learning systems
   Allen-Jasmin Farcas, Xiaohan Chen, Zhangyang Wang, Radu Mărculescu · 2022
7. Introducing Federated Learning into Internet of Things Ecosystems – Maintaining Cooperation Between Competing Parties
   Karolina Bogacka, Anastasiya Danilenka, Katarzyna Wasielewska-Michniewska, Marcin Paprzycki, Maria Ganzha, Eduardo Garro, Lambis Tassakos · 2023 · Lecture notes in computer science
8. Treating a different kind of patient: curing security weaknesses in digital health systems of the future
   Francesco Regazzoni, Paolo Palmieri, Apostolos P. Fournaris · 2023 · International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI)
9. Backdoor Attack Based on Privacy Inference against Federated Learning
   Duo Wu, Lingguang Hao, Bing Wei, Kuangrong Hao, Tao Han, Langping He · 2024 · International Symposium on Autonomous Systems (ISAS)
10. Digital Privacy Under Attack: Challenges and Enablers
    Baobao Song, Shiva Raj Pokhrel, Mengyue Deng, Qiujun Lan, Robin Doss, Tianqing Zhu, Gang Li · 2025 · ACM Computing Surveys
11. Proceedings of the 24th International Middleware Conference: Industrial Track
    2023
12. Enabling Public Security Text-Based Analytics: A Survey to Outline Research Directions
    Victor Diogho Heuer de Carvalho, Robério José Rogério dos Santos, Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno, Thiago Poleto · 2024 · Preprints.org
13. Customer Acquisition Via Explainable Deep Reinforcement Learning
    Yicheng Song, Wenbo Wang, Song Yao · 2024 · SSRN Electronic Journal
14. Privacy-preserving Machine Learning in Internet of Vehicle Applications: Fundamentals, Recent Advances, and Future Direction
    Islam, Nazmul, Zulkernine, Mohammad · 2025 · arXiv
15. Improved angelization technique against background knowledge attack for 1:M microdata
    Rabeeha Fazal, Razaullah Khan, Adeel Anjum, Madiha Haider Syed, Abid Khan, Semeen Rehman · 2023 · PeerJ Computer Science
16. Robust Networked Federated Learning for Localization
    Reza Mirzaeifard, Naveen K. D. Venkategowda, Stefan Werner · 2023 · Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC)
17. Security and Privacy-Preserving Techniques of Federated Learning in Edge Computing: A Comparative Study
    Nouhaila Aasoum, Ismail Jellouli, Souad Amjad, Yahya M.A. Mohammed · 2024 · International Conference on Innovative Research in Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (IRASET)
18. Networked Federated Meta-Learning Over Extending Graphs
    Muhammad Asaad Cheema, Vinay Chakravarthi Gogineni, Pierluigi Salvo Rossi, Stefan Werner · 2024 · IEEE Internet of Things Journal
19. Construction of a Deep Learning Model for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Assisted Safe Lightweight Industrial Quality Inspection in Complex Environments
    Zhongyuan Jing, Ruyan Wang · 2024 · Drones
20. Devising an actor-based middleware support to federated learning experiments and systems
    Alessio Bechini, José Luis Corcuera Bárcena · 2024 · Future Generation Computer Systems
21. Federated Privacy-Preserving Visualization: A Vision Paper
    Ye Tao, Anand D. Sarwate, Sandeep R. Panta, Sergey Plis, Vince D. Calhoun · 2024 · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)
22. FedSSA: Reducing Overhead of Additive Cryptographic Methods in Federated Learning With Sketch
    Zirui Ou, Shujie Han, Qihuan Zeng, Qun Huang · 2024 · IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP)
23. Review of Incentive Mechanisms of Differential Privacy Based Federated Learning Protocols: From the Economics and Game Theoretical Perspectives
    Miaohua Zhuo, Dongjun Li, Qinglin Yang, Yuan Zhou, Yuan Liu, Zhihong Tian · 2025 · Lecture notes in computer science
24. A Comprehensive Analysis of Privacy-Preserving Techniques in Machine Learning
    Helly Patel, Ajay Patel, Asha Patel · 2024 · International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Networking (ICAC2N)
25. Towards effective privacy preservation in federated learning with automatic gradient clipping and gradient transformation perturbation
    Chuanyin Wang, Yifei Zhang, Neng Gao · 2025 · The Computer Journal
26. Federated Smoothing ADMM for Quantile Regression with Non-Convex Sparse Penalties
    Reza Mirzaeifard, Stefan Werner · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing
27. Researching the Performance of AutoML Platforms in Confidential Computing
    Sergey Valentinovich Bezzateev, G. A. Zhemelev, Фомичева Светлана Григорьевна · 2024 · Automatic Control and Computer Sciences
28. LEBFL: Lightweight authentication and efficient consensus for blockchained federated learning in vehicle–road cooperation systems with AIoT
    Peng Liu, Qian He, LI Sen, Yiting Chen, Anfeng Liu · 2025 · Computer Communications
29. Multi-Brain Federated Learning for Decentralized AI: Collaborative, Privacy-Preserving Models Across Domains
    Subhasis Kundu · 2025 · INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
30. AI-driven Content Recommendation Systems for Children: Privacy Protection and Algorithm Governance in TikTok
    HONGQIANG ZHAO, ZHEN CAO, Xincheng Li · 2025 · Journal of Law Psychology and Communication Studies
31. Federated Smoothing Proximal Gradient for Quantile Regression With Non-Convex Penalties
    Reza Mirzaeifard, Diyako Ghaderyan, Stefan Werner · 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks
32. FedXHDP: A Federated XGBoost Framework With Hierarchical Differential Privacy for Horizontally Partitioned Data
    B. Sasirekha, Chellamuthu Gunavathi · 2025 · IEEE Access
33. Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Diabetes Prediction: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions
    Mohit Kumar, Aruna Malik · 2025 · International Conference on Electronics, AI and Computing (EAIC)
34. Social and ethical solutions to defeat cyber attacks in edge computing
    Richard Govada Joshua, Peter Anuoluwapo Gbadega, Samuel Oluwatobi Tofade · 2025 · Elsevier eBooks
35. Software Engineering Aspects of Federated Learning Libraries: A Comparative Survey
    Hiba Alsghaier, Tian Zhao · 2025 · Software
36. FUBA: Backdoor Federated Learning via Federated Unlearning
    Xinyi Sheng, Wei Bao, Yichen Guo, Sen Fu · 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence
37. SoK: Towards Privacy-Centric Collaborative Machine Learning—A Classification Framework for Privacy Solutions
    Pakayal Edmond Boar, Pradip Kumar Sharma, Raja Naeem Akram, Wanpeng Li · 2025 · SN Computer Science
38. Privacy‐Preserving Hierarchical Federated Learning With Front‐Loaded Differential Privacy Mechanism
    Hashan Ratnayake, Lin Chen, Xiaofeng Ding · 2025 · Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience
39. FedBGS: A Blockchain Approach to Segment Gossip Learning in Decentralized Systems
    Fabio Turazza, Marcello Pietri, Marco Picone, Marco Mamei · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW)
40. Knowledge-Centric Split Federated Learning With Partial Client Participation for Non-IID Data
    Xiaohui Zhang, Tao Shen, Kai Zeng, Fenhua Bai, Chi Zhang · 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering
41. Smoothing ADMM for Non-Convex and Non-Smooth Hierarchical Federated Learning
    Reza Mirzaeifard, Stefan Werner · 2025 · European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)
42. KGEES: An Energy Saving System With Location Privacy Preservation in Multi-Access Edge Computing
    Ziqi Wang, Xiaoyu Xia, Ibrahim Khalil, Minghui Liwang, Xiaolong Xu, Xun Yi, Yan Li, Minhui Xue · 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
43. Advancements and Challenges in Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Smart Healthcare: A Review
    Habiba Akter Rimi, Md. Asaduzzaman, Md. Johir Uddin Bhuiyan, Hashibul Ahsan Shoaib, K. M Nafiur Rahman Fuad, Md. Anisur Rahman · 2025 · Studies in computational intelligence
44. Federated distillation in heterogeneous systems: A direction-oriented survey on communication-efficient knowledge transfer
    Fangfang Shan, Lulu Fan, Yuhang Liu, Yifan Mao, Zhuo Chen, Shuaifeng Li · 2025 · Journal of Systems Architecture
45. FedShard: A Sharding-Based Federated Learning Framework With Layered Incentivization for IoT
    Juncheng Ma, Keqiu Li, Changzhi Li, Hao Xu, Keqiu Li · 2026 · IEEE Internet of Things Journal
46. A privacy-preserving framework for mitigating network attacks in distributed systems using FedGen-AI
    Peenal Gupta, Banhirup Sengupta, Binh Duc Vu · 2026 · International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications
47. BadFU: Backdoor Federated Learning through Adversarial Machine Unlearning
    Bingguang Lu, Hongsheng Hu, Yuantian Miao, Shaleeza Sohail, Chaoxiang He, Shuo Wang, Xiao Chen · 2025 · International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses (RAID)
48. Multi-IRS-Assisted NOMA for Federated Learning in Broadcast Networks
    Songchao Chen, Fang Liu, Yuanan Liu, Fan Wu · 2026 · IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
49. Federated Intrusion Detection via Unidirectional Serialization and Multi-Scale 1D Convolutions with Attention Reweighting
    Wenqing Li, Di Gao, Tianrong Zhang · 2026 · Future Internet
50. TCFL: Trapdoor homomorphic encryption based federated learning aggregator with filter
    Xiaodong Shen, Yu Jia, Chang Liang Xu, Liehuang Zhu · 2026 · Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications
51. MPC-XGB: Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated XGBoost via Secure Multiparty Computation
    Asma Ramay, Estrid He, Mengmeng Yang, Tabinda Sarwar, Xinqian Wang, Xun Yi · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)
52. Lightweight and Robust Federated Data Valuation
    Guojun Tang, Jiayu Zhou, Mohammad Mamun, Steve Drew · 2025 · IEEE ... International Conference on Data Mining workshops
53. Dataset Distillation-Based Hybrid Federated Learning on Non-IID Data
    Xiu-Fang Shi, Wei Zhang, Yu-Heng Li, Min-Cheng Wu, Zhen-Yu Wen, Shi-Bo He, Tejal Shah, Rajiv Ranjan · 2024 · IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering
54. Blockchain-Enabled Federated Learning: A Survey on System Design, Key Challenges, and Future Directions
    Lingzi Zhu, Bo Zhao, Rao Peng · 2026 · Electronics
55. RepFed-Net: privacy-preserving federated learning with reputation-aware aggregation for retinal vessel segmentation using enhanced U-Net
    A. V. V. M Sri, Mahesh Kumar Morampudi · 2026 · Scientific Reports
56. Privacy-preserving federated learning system under malicious collaborators and aggregators
    Muhammad Ajmal Azad, S A Shah · 2026 · Future Generation Computer Systems
57. FedX: Privacy-Preserving Explainable Federated Ensemble Intrusion Detection System for Edge-Enabled Internet of Vehicles
    Nithya Nedungadi, Sriram Sankaran, Krishnashree Achuthan · 2026 · Big Data and Cognitive Computing
58. A survey on multimodal federated learning
    Silvia Grosso, Nawel Benarba, Sara Bouchenak, Roberto Esposito, Mirko Polato · 2026 · Neural Computing and Applications
59. Joint Provisioning of QoS and Privacy with Federated Learning
    Zubair Md. Fadlullah, Mostafa M. Fouda · 2022 · Springer eBooks
60. Data adequacy bias impact in a data-blinded semi-supervised GAN for privacy-aware COVID-19 chest X-ray classification
    Javier Pastorino, Ashis Kumer Biswas · 2022 · ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics (ACM-BCB)
61. A Robust Collaborative Learning Framework Using Data Digests and Synonyms to Represent Absent Clients
    Chih-Fan Hsu, Ming‐Ching Chang, Wei-Chao Chen · 2022 · IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Information Processing and Retrieval (MIPR)
62. A Novel Privacy-Preserving Computing System Based on VAE Federated Meta-Learning
    Wei Zheng, Shaojie Yang, Xueyang Zhang · 2022 · Journal of Physics Conference Series
63. A Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning with Mutual Verification on Vector Spaces
    Mingwu Zhang, Chenmei Cui, Gang Shen, Yudi Zhang · 2022 · Communications in computer and information science
64. Data Distribution Impact on Preserving Privacy in Centralized and Decentralized Learning
    Bakary Dolo, Faiza Loukil, Khouloud Boukadi · 2023 · Lecture notes in computer science
65. Research on Data Privacy Protection Strategies Based on Artificial Intelligence
    Jun Yang, Qiukai Ye, Jiujiang Han, Ming Xian · 2023 · Atlantis Highlights in Computer Sciences/Atlantis highlights in computer sciences
66. Communication-efficient Preference-based Federated Multi-resource Allocation
    Syed Eqbal Alam, Dhirendra Shukla · 2023 · Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing
67. Federated Computing in Electric Vehicles to Predict Coolant Temperature
    René Schwermer, Ekin-Alp Bicer, Pascal A. Schirmer, Ruben Mayer, Hans‐Arno Jacobsen · 2023 · International Middleware Conference
68. Heuristic approaches for hiding sensitive frequent itemsets in uncertain databases
    Mira Lefkir, Farid Nouioua, Phillipe Fournier-Viger · 2023 · International Conference on Pattern Analysis and Intelligent Systems (PAIS)
69. Non-Cryptographic Privacy Preserving Machine Learning Methods: A Review
    Kevser Şahinbaş, Ferhat Özgür Çatak, Murat Kuzlu, Maliha Tabassum, Salih Sarp · 2023 · Communications in computer and information science
70. Socially-Aware Decentralized Learning for Intrusion Detection Systems With Imbalanced Non-IID Data
    Ren‐Hung Hwang, Chia‐Yun Hsu, Jian-Jhih Kuo · 2023 · Globecom
71. Jurisprudence: blockchain enabled privacy preserving framework complying digital ethics
    Amiya Karmakar, Pritam Ghosh, Partha Sarathi Banerjee, Debashis De · 2024 · Multimedia Tools and Applications
72. Enhancing Security and Efficiency: A Lightweight Federated Learning Approach
    Chunlu Chen, Kevin I‐Kai Wang, Peng Li, Kouichi Sakurai · 2024 · Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies
73. Federated Learning for Collaborative Cyber Defense
    Syeda Mariam Muzammal, Ruqia Bibi, Hira Waseem, Syed Nizam Ud Din, Noor Zaman Jhanjhi, Muhammad Abdullah Tayyab · 2024 · Advances in digital crime, forensics, and cyber terrorism book series
74. Homomorphic Encryption Based Full Flow Privacy Protection Scheme for Federated Learning
    Jinzhong Zhou, Rui Jiang, Gangyong Chen, Lile Wang · 2024 · International Conference on Computer Information Science and Application Technology (CISAT)
75. Adaptive Thermal History De-Identification for Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing of Directed Energy Deposition Processes
    Mahathir Mohammad Bappy, Durant Fullington, Linkan Bian, Wenmeng Tian · 2024 · Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering
76. Advances and Challenges in Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning
    Samuel Acheme, Glory Nosawaru Edegbe, Ijegwa David Acheme · 2024 · IEEE SmartBlock4Africa
77. ENNigma: A framework for Private Neural Networks
    Pedro Barbosa, Ivone Amorim, Eva Maia, Isabel Praça · 2025 · Future Generation Computer Systems
78. Data-Secure Natural Language Interfaces to Databases via Large Language Models
    Duygu Çakır, Volkan İllik, Kadir Yunus Koc, Enes Deniz · 2024 · International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Smart Technologies (ISAS)
79. Enhancing Privacy-Utility Tradeoff with Few-Round Strategy in Heterogeneous Federated Learning
    Qingbin Wei, Feilong Zhang, Yuanchao Bai, Deming Zhai, Junjun Jiang, Xianming Liu · 2024 · IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)
80. Ensuring Confidentiality in Supply Chains With an Application to Life‐Cycle Assessment
    Achim D. Brucker, Sakine Yalman · 2025 · Journal of Software Evolution and Process
81. Toward the development of learning methods with distributed processing using securely divided data
    Hirofumi Miyajima, Noritaka Shigei, Hiromi Miyajima, Norio Shiratori · 2025 · Computers & Electrical Engineering
82. Trust Mechanisms in Decentralized Federated Learning: Enhancing Model Parameter Aggregation
    Xinyi Fan, Jielei Chu, Zhaoyu Li, Jiangtao Hu, Tianrui Li · 2024 · International Conference on Industrial Automation, Robotics and Control Engineering (IARCE)
83. Balancing Privacy and Utility in E-Healthcare Data Analysis: A Comprehensive Review
    Bhavana A. Khivsara, Maya Rathore · 2025 · Communications in computer and information science
84. Incentivized Federated Learning in Data Spaces
    Shuwen Liu, Jianhua Z. Huang, Patrick P. C. Lee, George C. Polyzos · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops)
85. V-FLEX: Verifiable cross-silo federated learning using trusted execution environment
    Jaouhara Bouamama, Yahya Benkaouz, Mohammed Ouzzif · 2025 · Progress in Artificial Intelligence
86. Federated Learning
    Mei Kobayashi · 2025 · Springer eBooks
87. FedVS: Towards Federated Vector Similarity Search with Filters
    Zeheng Fan, Yuxiang Zeng, Zhuanglin Zheng, Binhan Yang, Yongxin Tong · 2025 · ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD)
88. Ensembling AI and Federated Learning for Industry 4.0: A Privacy-Preserving Approach in Edge Computing
    Subham Kumar Sahoo, Abdhisuta Dash, Sambit Kumar Mishra, Mamoona Humayun · 2025 · Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation
89. Research Directions for Decentralized Technology Transactions: An Update
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90. Applications of Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision in Smart Grid Data Management Using Machine Learning
    Hossein Shahinzadeh, Farshad Ebrahimi, Azamossadat Nourbakhsh, Mahtab Bagheri, Amirafshin Zamani, Fatemeh Afzoon · 2025
91. HeRD: Modeling Heterogeneous Degradations for Federated Super-Resolution in Satellite Imagery
    Bostan Khan, Seyedhamidreza Mousavi, Masoud Daneshtalab · 2025 · IEEE Access
92. Anomalous Client Detection in Federated Learning
    Dipanwita Thakur, Antonella Guzzo, Giancarlo Fortino · 2025 · Studies in computational intelligence
93. Energy-Aware Federated Learning: Solutions and Challenges
    Vidura Ravihansa, Shen Wang, Madhusanka Liyanage · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES)
94. Protecting Private Information for Two Classes of Aggregated Database Queries
    Xuechao Yang, Xun Yi, Andrei V. Kelarev, Leanne Rylands, Yuqing Lin, Joe Ryan · 2022 · Informatics
95. Introduction to Federated Learning
    Shui Yu, Lei Cui · 2022 · Digital Privacy and Security
96. Existence of a Unique Invariant Measure and Ergodic Property in AIMD-based Multi-resource Allocation
    Syed Eqbal Alam, Dhirendra Shukla · 2023 · Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference/Proceedings of the American Control Conference
97. Introducing Deep Learning for IoT Security
    Mohamed Abdel‐Basset, Nour Moustafa, Hossam Hawash · 2022
98. Towards an Efficient, Privacy-aware Federated Learning Scheme
    Levente Alekszejenkó, Tadeusz Dobrowiecki · 2022 · Research Square
99. Privacy‐Preserved Federated Learning
    Mohamed Abdel‐Basset, Nour Moustafa, Hossam Hawash · 2022
100. Privacy Preservation Using Random Forest For Healthcare Data In Case Of Smart Cities
     Sunil Kumar, A Jayanthila Devi · 2023 · International Conference on Power, Instrumentation, Energy and Control (PIECON)