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CoderEval: A Benchmark of Pragmatic Code Generation with Generative Pre-trained Models
Abstract
Code generation models based on the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm have been increasingly attempted by both academia and industry, resulting in well-known industrial models such as Codex, CodeGen, and PanGu-Coder. To evaluate the effectiveness of these models, multiple existing benchmarks (e.g., HumanEval and AiXBench) are proposed, including only cases of generating a standalone function, i.e., a function that may invoke or access only built-in functions and standard libraries. However, non-standalone functions, which typically are not included in the existing benchmarks, constitute more than 70% of the functions in popular open-source projects, and evaluating models' effectiveness on standalone functions cannot reflect these models' effectiveness on pragmatic code generation scenarios (i.e., code generation for real settings of open source or proprietary code).
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“ChatGPT is the most widely adopted LLM in code generation in the literature [15, 16, 23, 40, 42, 63, 70]”
From An Empirical Study of the Non-Determinism of ChatGPT in Code Generation (2025) · cites this paper as [70]
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A State-of-the-Art of Intelligent Problem-Oriented Low-Code Systems
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Starace, L. L. L. (2026) · Journal of Systems and Software · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2026.112989 · Cited by 3
CodeS : Natural Language to Code Repository via Multi-Layer Sketch
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Enhancing Code Generation via Bidirectional Comment-Level Mutual Grounding
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Metadata
- Authors
- Yu, H., Shen, B., Ran, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, Q., Ma, Y., Liang, G., Li, Y., Wang, Q., & Xie, T.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- Huawei Technologies (China) (CN)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2024-02-06
- Pages
- 1-12
- ISSN
- 0270-5257 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391558462
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 28
- FWCI
- 52.93
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62161146003)
- National key research and development program Project (2021YFF0704202)
- Tencent Foundation/XPLORER PRIZE
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Software Engineering Research
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Topic Modeling
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Software › Software Testing and Debugging Techniques
- Keywords
- code generation benchmarks, HumanEval, codices, CodeGen, open-source code
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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