Understanding fraudulence in online qualitative studies: From the researcher's perspective
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly facilitating qualitative research studies online. While this has made research more accessible for participation, there have been notable encounters with “fraudulent” participants. By fraudulent, we refer to individuals who are deceptive about meeting the inclusion criteria, their identity, or experiences. Fraudulent participants have generated new challenges for researchers who have to interact 1:1 with these individuals, face ethical dilemmas on appropriate next steps, diagnose and prevent the issue from happening again, and deal with their own identity as a scholar. In this study, we interview 16 HCI researchers to understand and learn from their experiences. We contribute: (1) an understanding of how HCI qualitative researchers deal with fraudulent participants; (2) a guide for qualitative HCI researchers on how to handle fraudulence; and (3) a reflection on how the HCI research community might better improve our science and training efforts.
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After excluding fraudulent responses, we identified 28 responses from the recruitment questionnaire.
“After excluding fraudulent responses, which have become common in online HCI studies [60], we identified 28 responses from the recruitment questionnaire.”
From How University Disability Services Professionals Write Image Descriptions for HCI Figures Using Generative AI (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- Panicker, A., Nurain, N., Ibrahim, Z., Wang, C.-H. (., Ha, S. W., Wu, Y., Connelly, K., Siek, K. A., & Chung, C.-F.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
- Michigan State University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2024-05-11
- Pages
- 1-17
- OpenAlex
- W4396832341
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 40.67
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Focus Groups and Qualitative Methods
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Keywords
- online qualitative research, researcher ethics, researcher identity, fraud prevention, researcher experience, research training
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