The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Security problems in the TCP/IP protocol suite
Abstract
The TCP/IP protocol suite, which is very widely used today, was developed under the sponsorship of the Department of Defense. Despite that, there are a number of serious security flaws inherent in the protocols, regardless of the correctness of any implementations. We describe a variety of attacks based on these flaws, including sequence number spoofing, routing attacks, source address spoofing, and authentication attacks. We also present defenses against these attacks, and conclude with a discussion of broad-spectrum defenses such as encryption.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol
Atkinson, R. (1995) · doi:10.17487/rfc1825 · Cited by 2,762
Cyber-Physical Systems Security—A Survey
Humayed, A., Lin, J., Li, F., & Luo, B. (2017) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2017.2703172 · Cited by 1,185
Distributed denial of service attacks
Lau, F., Rubin, S. H., Smith, M. H., & Trajkovic, L. (2002) · SMC 2000 Conference Proceedings. 2000 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. 'Cybernetics Evolving to Systems, Humans, Organizations, and their Complex Interactions' (Cat. No.00CH37166) · doi:10.1109/icsmc.2000.886455 · Cited by 582
Accurate modeling of modbus/TCP for intrusion detection in SCADA systems
Goldenberg, N., & Wool, A. (2013) · International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection · doi:10.1016/j.ijcip.2013.05.001 · Cited by 323
Techniques for Cyber Attack Attribution
Wheeler, D. A., & Larsen, G. N. (2003) · doi:10.21236/ada468859 · Cited by 119
Metadata
- Authors
- Bellovin, S. M.
- Venue
- ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
- Published
- 1989-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 32-48
- ISSN
- 0146-4833 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2159256070
- Cited by
- 550
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Security problems in the TCP/IP protocol suite. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/378444.378449
- The paper
- Bellovin, S. M. (1989). Security problems in the TCP/IP protocol suite. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. https://doi.org/10.1145/378444.378449
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
